Dependence of sunspot photospheric waves on the depth of the source of solar $p-$modes

Abstract

Photospheric waves in sunspots moving radially outwards at speeds faster than the characteristic wave velocities have been recently detected. It has been suggested that they are the visual pattern of $p-$modes excited around 5 Mm beneath the sunspot. Using numerical simulations, we have performed a parametric study of the waves observed at the photosphere and higher layers produced by sources located at different depths. The observational measurements are consistent with waves driven between approximately 1 Mm and 5 Mm below the sunspot surface.

arXiv commentAccepted for publication in A&A

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• The Physical Nature of Spiral Wave Patterns in Sunspots
• Local sunspot oscillations and umbral dots
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• Source Depth of Three-minute Umbral Oscillations
• Origin of Deep Acoustic Sources Associated with Solar Magnetic Structures
• Oscillations In The Line-of-Sight Magnetic Field Strength In A Pore Observed By The GREGOR Infrared Spectrograph (GRIS)
• A theoretic analysis of magnetoactive GES-based turbulent solar plasma instability
• Investigation of the subsurface structure of a sunspot based on the spatial distribution of oscillation centers inferred from umbral flashes
• Origin of the Chromospheric Umbral Waves in Sunspots