Photoionization Models for the Inner Gaseous Disks of Herbig Be Stars: Evidence Against Magnetospheric Accretion?

Abstract

We investigate the physical properties of the inner gaseous disks of the three, hot, Herbig B2e stars, HD 76534, HD 114981 and HD 216629, by modelling CFHT-ESPaDOns spectra using non-LTE radiative transfer codes. We assume that the emission lines are produced in a circumstellar disk heated solely by the photospheric radiation from the central star in order to test if the optical and near-IR emission lines can be reproduced without invoking magnetospheric accretion. The inner gaseous disk density was assumed to follow a simple power-law in the equatorial plane, and we searched for models that could reproduce observed lines of HI (H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$), HeI, CaII and FeII. For the three stars, good matches were found for all emission line profiles individually; however, no density model based on a single power-law was able to reproduce all of the observed emission lines. Among the single power-law models, the one with the gas density varying as $\sim 10^{-10}(R_{\ast }/R{)}^3\mathrm{g}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-3}$ in the equatorial plane of a 25 R${}_{\ast }$ ($0.78$ AU) disk did the best overall job of representing the optical emission lines of the three stars. This model implies a mass for the H$\alpha$-emitting portion of the inner gaseous disk of $\sim 10^{-9}{M}_{\ast }$. We conclude that the optical emission line spectra of these HBe stars can be qualitatively reproduced by a $\approx 1$ AU, geometrically thin, circumstellar disk of negligible mass compared to the central star in Keplerian rotation and radiative equilibrium.

Accepted to be published in AAS Journals. 30 pages, 24 figures and 6 tables

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• Disentangling the two sub-populations of early Herbig Be stars using VLT/X-Shooter spectra