Emergence and scaling of spin turbulence in quenched antiferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensates

Abstract

We investigate the phase transition dynamics of a quasi-2D antiferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate from the easy-axis polar phase to the easy-plane polar phase, which is initiated by suddenly changing the sign of the quadratic Zeeman energy $q$. We observe the emergence and decay of spin turbulence and the formation of half-quantum vortices (HQVs) in the quenched condensate. The characteristic time and length scales of the turbulence generation dynamics are proportional to $|q{|}^{-1/2}$ as inherited from the dynamic instability of the initial state. In the evolution of the spin turbulence, spin wave excitations develop from large to small length scales, suggesting a direct energy cascade, and the spin population for the axial polar domains exhibit a nonexponential decay. The final equilibrated condensate contains HQVs, and the number is found to increase and saturate with increasing $|q|$. Our results demonstrate the time-space scaling properties of the phase transition dynamics near the critical point and the peculiarities of the spin turbulence state of the antiferromagnetic spinor condensate.

arXiv comment8 pages, 7 figures

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• Spontaneous formation and relaxation of spin domains in antiferromagnetic spin-1 quasi-condensates
• Coarsening dynamics of an isotropic ferromagnetic superfluid
• Flemish Strings of Magnetic Solitons and a Non-Thermal Fixed Point in a One-Dimensional Antiferromagnetic Spin-1 Bose Gas
• Nematic ordering dynamics of an anti-ferromagnetic spin-1 condensate
• Dynamics of a quenched spin-1 antiferromagnetic condensate in a harmonic trap
• Anomalous phase ordering of a quenched ferromagnetic superfluid
• Turbulent relaxation after a quench in the Heisenberg model
• Metastable hard-axis polar state of a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate under a magnetic field gradient
• Stability and dynamics across magnetic phases of vortex-bright type excitations in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
• Spin-driven stationary turbulence in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
• Properties of a nematic spin vortex in an antiferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate
• Metrologically useful states of spin-1 Bose condensates with macroscopic magnetization
• Domain percolation in a quenched ferromagnetic spinor condensate
• Crossover from weak to strong quench in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate
• Universal dynamics of zero-momentum to plane-wave transition in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
• Random spin textures in turbulent spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
• Metastable spin-phase diagrams in antiferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensates
• Dynamics of a Nonequilibrium Discontinuous Quantum Phase Transition in a Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Scale-invariant relaxation dynamics in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with large particle-number imbalance
• Dynamic hysteresis from bistability in an antiferromagnetic spinor condensate
• Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions in a ferromagnetic superfluid: effects of axial magnetization
• Exploring the thermodynamics of spin-1 ${}^{87}$Rb Bose Gases with synthetic magnetization
• Phase characterization of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates: a Majorana stellar representation approach
• Hanbury Brown-Twiss correlations and multimode dynamics of quenched spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
• Energy spectra and fluxes of two-dimensional turbulent quantum droplets
• Multifaceted phase ordering kinetics of an antiferromagnetic spin-1 condensate