The relation between globular cluster systems and supermassive black holes in spiral galaxies. The case study of NGC 4258

Abstract

We aim to explore the relationship between globular cluster total number, $N_{\mathrm{GC}}$, and central black hole mass, $M_{\bullet }$, in spiral galaxies, and compare it with that recently reported for ellipticals. We present results for the Sbc galaxy NGC 4258, from Canada France Hawaii Telescope data. Thanks to water masers with Keplerian rotation in a circumnuclear disk, NGC 4258 has the most precisely measured extragalactic distance and supermassive black hole mass to date. The globular cluster (GC) candidate selection is based on the ($u^{\ast }-i^{\prime }$) vs. ($i^{\prime }-K_s$) diagram, which is a superb tool to distinguish GCs from foreground stars, background galaxies, and young stellar clusters, and hence can provide the best number counts of GCs from photometry alone, virtually free of contamination, even if the galaxy is not completely edge-on. The mean optical and optical-near infrared colors of the clusters are consistent with those of the Milky Way and M 31, after extinction is taken into account. We directly identify 39 GC candidates; after completeness correction, GC luminosity function extrapolation and correction for spatial coverage, we calculate a total $N_{\mathrm{GC}}=144\pm 31_{-36}^{+38}$ (random and systematic uncertainties, respectively). We have thus increased to 6 the sample of spiral galaxies with measurements of both $M_{\bullet }$ and $N_{\mathrm{GC}}$. NGC 4258 has a specific frequency $S_{\mathrm{N}}=0.4\pm 0.1$ (random uncertainty), and is consistent within 2$\sigma$ with the $N_{\mathrm{GC}}$ vs. $M_{\bullet }$ correlation followed by elliptical galaxies. The Milky Way continues to be the only spiral that deviates significantly from the relation.

arXiv comment52 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (76)

• Maps of Dust IR Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and CMBR Foregrounds
• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• Galactic Stellar and Substellar Initial Mass Function
• Measuring Reddening with SDSS Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating SFD
• A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• The Demography of Massive Dark Objects in Galaxy Centres
• A Relationship Between Nuclear Black Hole Mass and Galaxy Velocity Dispersion
• Observational Evidence of AGN Feedback
• The slope of the black-hole mass versus velocity dispersion correlation
• The Relation between Black Hole Mass, Bulge Mass, and Near-Infrared Luminosity
• On the Black Hole Mass - Bulge Mass Relation
• The M-sigma and M-L Relations in Galactic Bulges and Determinations of their Intrinsic Scatter
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of High Mass Star Forming Regions: the Structure and Kinematics of the Milky Way
• The Hubble Deep Field: Observations, Data Reduction, and Galaxy Photometry
• Accurate masses for dispersion-supported galaxies
• The SDSS View of the Palomar-Green Bright Quasar Survey
• The All-wavelength Extended Groth Strip International Survey (AEGIS) Data Sets
• On the black hole - bulge mass relation in active and inactive galaxies
• A Vast Thin Plane of Co-rotating Dwarf Galaxies Orbiting the Andromeda Galaxy
• A 4% Geometric Distance to the Galaxy NGC4258 from Orbital Motions in a Nuclear Gas Disk
• Two ten-billion-solar-mass black holes at the centres of giant elliptical galaxies
• M31 Globular Clusters: Colors and Metallicities
• Young massive star clusters in nearby galaxies. II.Software tools, data reductions and cluster sizes
• The VPOS: a vast polar structure of satellite galaxies, globular clusters and streams around the Milky Way
• Modeling the Metallicity Distribution of Globular Clusters
• The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. XII. The Luminosity Function of Globular Clusters in Early Type Galaxies
• The non-causal origin of the black hole-galaxy scaling relations
• A Catalog of Globular Cluster Systems: What Determines the Size of a Galaxy's Globular Cluster Population?
• Toward a New Geometric Distance to the Active Galaxy NGC 4258. III. Final Results and the Hubble Constant
• The properties of Galactic globular cluster sub-systems
• How Mergers May Affect The Mass Scaling Relations Between Black Holes, Galaxies, and Other Gravitationally Bound Systems
• The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey X. Half-light Radii of Globular Clusters in Early-Type Galaxies: Environmental Dependencies and a Standard Ruler for Distance Estimation
• Precise Black Hole Masses From Megamaser Disks: Black Hole-Bulge Relations at Low Mass
• The Blanco Cosmology Survey: Data Acquisition, Processing, Calibration, Quality Diagnostics and Data Release
• The black hole mass -- stellar velocity dispersion correlation: bulges versus pseudobulges
• MegaPipe: the MegaCam image stacking pipeline at the Canadian Astronomical Data Centre
• The Spitzer/IRAC view of black hole - bulge scaling relations
• Co-Evolution of Galactic Nuclei and Globular Cluster Systems
• The spatial distribution of the Milky Way and Andromeda satellite galaxies
• Nuclear star clusters in 228 spiral galaxies in the HST/WFPC2 archive: catalogue and comparison to other stellar systems
• A New Method for Estimating Dark Matter Halo Masses using Globular Cluster Systems
• Black Holes in Pseudobulges and Spheroidals: A Change in the Black Hole-Bulge Scaling Relations at Low Mass
• The orbital poles of Milky Way satellite galaxies: a rotationally supported disc-of-satellites
• The CFHT Legacy Survey: stacked images and catalogs
• On The Linearity of The Black Hole - Bulge Mass Relation in Active and in Nearby Galaxies
• Breaking the law: the M_{bh}-M_{spheroid} mass relations for core-Sersic and Sersic galaxies
• The M31 globular cluster system: ugriz and K-band photometry and structural parameters
• Discs of Satellites: the new dwarf spheroidals
• A correlation between central supermassive black holes and the globular cluster systems of early-type galaxies
• The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey - Infrared (NGVS-IR): I. A new Near-UV/Optical/Near-IR Globular Cluster selection tool
• The Globular Cluster Systems in the Coma Ellipticals. IV: WFPC2 Photometry for Five Giant Ellipticals
• The growth of supermassive black holes in pseudo-bulges, classical bulges and elliptical galaxies
• Hubble Space Telescope observations of globular cluster systems along the Hubble sequence of spiral galaxies
• The Black Hole - Bulge Mass Relation in Megamaser Host Galaxies
• Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies - II. The correlation with near-infrared luminosity revisited
• Extending the M_(bh)-sigma diagram with dense nuclear star clusters
• A Dynamical N-body Model for the Central Region of $\omega$ Centauri
• The Globular Cluster/Central Black Hole Connection in Galaxies
• The HST/ACS Coma Cluster Survey. II. Data Description and Source Catalogs
• Wide-Field Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Globular Cluster System in NGC1399
• Star Clusters as Tracers of Interactions in Stephan's Quintet (Hickson Compact Group 92)
• Inside catalogs: a comparison of source extraction software
• HST Imaging of Globular Clusters in the Edge--on Spiral Galaxies NGC 4565 and NGC 5907
• Globular clusters and supermassive black holes in galaxies: further analysis and a larger sample
• Globular Cluster System erosion in elliptical galaxies
• The Overlooked Potential of Generalized Linear Models in Astronomy-III: Bayesian Negative Binomial Regression and Globular Cluster Populations
• Exploring the Correlations between Globular Cluster Populations and Supermassive Black Holes in Giant Galaxies
• A SLUGGS and Gemini/GMOS combined study of the elliptical galaxy M60: wide-field photometry and kinematics of the globular cluster system
• The SLUGGS survey: Probing the supermassive black hole connection with bulges and haloes using red and blue globular cluster systems
• New Constraints on a complex relation between globular cluster colors and environment
• Relation Between Globular Clusters and Supermassive Black Holes in Ellipticals as a Manifestation of the Black Hole Fundamental Plane
• PERIGALACTIC DISTANCES OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS
• The old globular cluster system of the dIrr galaxy NGC1427A in the Fornax cluster
• M - sigma relation between SMBHs and the velocity dispersion of globular cluster systems
• Evolution of globular cluster systems in three galaxies of the Fornax cluster

Cited by in corpus (11)

• Luminosity functions of globular clusters in five nearby spiral galaxies using HST/ACS images
• Tracing the Assembly History of NGC 1395 through its Globular Cluster System
• Milky Way globular clusters on cosmological timescales. II. Interaction with the Galactic centre
• The relation between globular cluster systems and supermassive black holes in spiral galaxies III. The link to the $M_{\bullet }-M_{\ast }$ correlation
• Spectroscopy of NGC 4258 globular cluster candidates: membership confirmation and kinematics
• J-PLUS: A catalogue of globular cluster candidates around the M81/M82/NGC3077 triplet of galaxies
• Mapping H$\alpha$-Excess Candidate Point Sources in the Southern Hemisphere Using S-PLUS Data
• Star cluster survival in dark matter halos: An old cluster in Eridanus II?
• The Color Gradients of the Globular Cluster Systems in M87 and M49
• Spatially-resolved TRGB JWST color-magnitude as a tool to measure fossil stellar metallicity gradients in disk galaxies: NGC 628
• The Next Generation Fornax Survey (NGFS).VIII. A Support Vector Machine Approach for Disentangling Globular Clusters from other Sources