Silicon-Based Antenna-Coupled Polarization-Sensitive Millimeter-Wave Bolometer Arrays for Cosmic Microwave Background Instruments

Abstract

We describe feedhorn-coupled polarization-sensitive detector arrays that utilize monocrystalline silicon as the dielectric substrate material. Monocrystalline silicon has a low-loss tangent and repeatable dielectric constant, characteristics that are critical for realizing efficient and uniform superconducting microwave circuits. An additional advantage of this material is its low specific heat. In a detector pixel, two Transition-Edge Sensor (TES) bolometers are antenna-coupled to in-band radiation via a symmetric planar orthomode transducer (OMT). Each orthogonal linear polarization is coupled to a separate superconducting microstrip transmission line circuit. On-chip filtering is employed to both reject out-of-band radiation from the upper band edge to the gap frequency of the niobium superconductor, and to flexibly define the bandwidth for each TES to meet the requirements of the application. The microwave circuit is compatible with multi-chroic operation. Metalized silicon platelets are used to define the backshort for the waveguide probes. This micro-machined structure is also used to mitigate the coupling of out-of-band radiation to the microwave circuit. At 40 GHz, the detectors have a measured efficiency of 90%. In this paper, we describe the development of the 90 GHz detector arrays that will be demonstrated using the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) ground-based telescope.

References in corpus (9)

• SCUBA-2: The 10000 pixel bolometer camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
• Mission design of LiteBIRD
• CLASS: The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor
• A readout for large arrays of Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors
• Fluctuations in the electron system of a superconductor exposed to a photon flux
• The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS): 38 GHz detector array of bolometric polarimeters
• The Primordial Inflation Polarization Explorer (PIPER)
• Impact of particles on the Planck HFI detectors: Ground-based measurements and physical interpretation
• Characterization and Physical Explanation of Energetic Particles on Planck HFI Instrument

Cited by in corpus (10)

• CMB-S4 Science Case, Reference Design, and Project Plan
• The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor
• Four-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Observations: On-sky Receiver Performance at 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz Frequency Bands
• The CLASS 150/220 GHz Polarimeter Array: Design, Assembly, and Characterization
• The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor Receiver Design
• Calibration of Transition-edge Sensor (TES) Bolometer Arrays with Application to CLASS
• Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS): 90 GHz Telescope Pointing, Beam Profile, Window Function, and Polarization Performance
• Superconducting transition edge sensors with phononic thermal isolation
• On-sky performance of new 90 GHz detectors for the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS)
• High-Efficiency and Low-Noise Detectors for the Upgraded CLASS 90 GHz Focal Plane