Non-perturbative linked-cluster expansions in long-range ordered quantum systems

Abstract

We introduce a generic scheme to perform non-perturbative linked cluster expansions in long-range ordered quantum phases. Clusters are considered to be surrounded by an ordered reference state leading to effective edge-fields in the exact diagonalization on clusters which break the associated symmetry of the ordered phase. Two approaches, based either on a self-consistent solution of the order parameter or on minimal sensitivity with respect to the ground-state energy per site, are formulated to find the optimal edge-field in each NLCE order. Furthermore, we investigate the scaling behavior of the NLCE data sequences towards the infinite-order limit. We apply our scheme to gapped and gapless ordered phases of XXZ Heisenberg models on various lattices and for spins 1/2 and 1 using several types of cluster expansions ranging from a full-graph decomposition, rectangular clusters, up to more symmetric square clusters. It is found that the inclusion of edge-fields allows to regularize non-perturbative linked-cluster expansions in ordered phases yielding convergent data sequences. This includes the long-range spin-ordered ground state of the spin-1/2 and spin-1 Heisenberg model on the square and triangular lattice as well as the trimerized valence bond crystal of the spin-1 Heisenberg model on the kagome lattice.

18 pages, 14 figures

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Cited by in corpus (5)

• Matrix product state techniques for two-dimensional systems at finite temperature
• Projective cluster-additive transformation for quantum lattice models
• Hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for the transverse-field Ising model in the thermodynamic limit
• Linked Cluster Expansions via Hypergraph Decompositions
• Magnetostriction in the $J$-$K$-$\Gamma$ model: Application of the numerical linked cluster expansion