Simulated forecasts for primordial B-mode searches in ground-based experiments

Abstract

Detecting the imprint of inflationary gravitational waves on the $B$-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is one of the main science cases for current and next-generation CMB experiments. In this work we explore some of the challenges that ground-based facilities will have to face in order to carry out this measurement in the presence of Galactic foregrounds and correlated atmospheric noise. We present forecasts for Stage-3 (S3) and planned Stage-4 (S4) experiments based on the analysis of simulated sky maps using a map-based Bayesian foreground cleaning method. Our results thus consistently propagate the uncertainties on foreground parameters such as spatially-varying spectral indices, as well as the bias on the measured tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ caused by an incorrect modelling of the foregrounds. We find that S3 and S4-like experiments should be able to put constraints on $r$ of the order $\sigma (r)=(0.5-1.0)\times 10^{-2}$ and $\sigma (r)=(0.5-1.0)\times 10^{-3}$ respectively, assuming instrumental systematic effects are under control. We further study deviations from the fiducial foreground model, finding that, while the effects of a second polarized dust component would be minimal on both S3 and S4, a 2\% polarized anomalous dust emission (AME) component would be clearly detectable by Stage-4 experiments.

19 pages, 11 figures

References in corpus (50)

• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• HEALPix -- a Framework for High Resolution Discretization, and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere
• Efficient Computation of CMB anisotropies in closed FRW models
• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Final Maps and Results
• BICEP2 I: Detection Of B-mode Polarization at Degree Angular Scales
• A Joint Analysis of BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck Data
• Signature of Gravity Waves in Polarization of the Microwave Background
• Three-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Temperature Analysis
• A Probe of Primordial Gravity Waves and Vorticity
• What would we learn by detecting a gravitational wave signal in the cosmic microwave background anisotropy?
• MASTER of the CMB Anisotropy Power Spectrum: A Fast Method for Statistical Analysis of Large and Complex CMB Data Sets
• The Primordial Inflation Explorer (PIXIE): A Nulling Polarimeter for Cosmic Microwave Background Observations
• BICEP2 / Keck Array VI: Improved Constraints On Cosmology and Foregrounds When Adding 95 GHz Data From Keck Array
• Extrapolation of Galactic Dust Emission at 100 Microns to CMBR Frequencies Using FIRAS
• Gravitational Lensing Effect on Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• CMB Lensing Reconstruction on the Full Sky
• Mission design of LiteBIRD
• How to measure CMB power spectra without losing information
• Advanced ACTPol Cryogenic Detector Arrays and Readout
• SPT-3G: A Next-Generation Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Experiment on the South Pole Telescope
• A limit on the detectability of the energy scale of inflation
• Joint Bayesian component separation and CMB power spectrum estimation
• A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background B-Mode Polarization Power Spectrum at Sub-Degree Scales with POLARBEAR
• A full sky, low foreground, high resolution CMB map from WMAP
• The pre-launch Planck Sky Model: a model of sky emission at submillimetre to centimetre wavelengths
• Separation of Gravitational-Wave and Cosmic-Shear Contributions to Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• Magnetic Dipole Microwave Emission from Dust Grains
• Power spectrum estimation from high-resolution maps by Gibbs sampling
• Planck intermediate results. XXII. Frequency dependence of thermal emission from Galactic dust in intensity and polarization
• Delensing CMB Polarization with External Datasets
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: CMB Polarization at $200<\ell <9000$
• A refined model for spinning dust radiation
• Robust forecasts on fundamental physics from the foreground-obscured, gravitationally-lensed CMB polarization
• Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Bayesian Estimation of CMB Polarization Maps
• Measurements of Sub-degree B-mode Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background from 100 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data
• High angular resolution Sunyaev-Zel'dovich observations of MACS J1423.8+2404 with NIKA: Multiwavelength analysis
• Maximum Likelihood algorithm for parametric component separation in CMB experiments
• Spinning dust emission: the effect of rotation around a non-principal axis
• Statistical properties of dust far-infrared emission
• Modeling Thermal Dust Emission with Two Components: Application to the Planck HFI Maps
• SPIDER: Probing the Early Universe with a Suborbital Polarimeter
• Sensitivity and foreground modelling for large-scale CMB B-mode polarization satellite missions
• Spatial variations in the spectral index of polarized synchrotron emission in the 9 yr WMAP sky maps
• The Quijote CMB Experiment
• Efficiency of pseudo-spectrum methods for estimation of Cosmic Microwave Background B-mode power spectrum
• Pure pseudo-C_l estimators for CMB B-modes
• Lensing simulations by Taylor expansion -- not so inefficient after all
• Needatool: A Needlet Analysis Tool for Cosmological Data Processing
• The C-Band All-Sky Survey: Instrument design, status, and first-look data
• Large-Scale Polarized Foreground Component Separation for Planck

Cited by in corpus (27)

• The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts
• CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition
• The Python Sky Model: software for simulating the Galactic microwave sky
• The State-of-Play of Anomalous Microwave Emission (AME) Research
• Exploring Cosmic Origins with CORE: B-mode Component Separation
• Peeling off foregrounds with the constrained moment ILC method to unveil primordial CMB $B$-modes
• Mitigating Complex Dust Foregrounds in Future CMB Polarization Experiments
• A minimal power-spectrum-based moment expansion for CMB B-mode searches
• The Simons Observatory: gain, bandpass and polarization-angle calibration requirements for B-mode searches
• Characterizing bias on large scale CMB $B$-modes after galactic foregrounds cleaning
• $B$-mode forecast of CMB-Bh$\overline{a}$rat
• The Simons Observatory: pipeline comparison and validation for large-scale B-modes
• Complementing the ground-based CMB Stage-4 experiment on large scales with the PIXIE satellite
• 21 cm Angular Power Spectrum from Minihalos as a Probe of Primordial Spectral Runnings
• On the Detection of CMB B-modes from Ground at Low Frequency
• Delensing the CMB with the cosmic infrared background: the impact of foregrounds
• The Effects of Bandpass Variations on Foreground Removal Forecasts for Future CMB Experiments
• Improved Galactic Foreground Removal for B-Modes Detection with Clustering Methods
• Hierarchical Bayesian CMB Component Separation with the No-U-Turn Sampler
• Efficient ILC analysis on polarization maps after EB leakage correction
• A hybrid map-$C_{\ell }$ component separation method for primordial CMB $B$-mode searches
• Impact of modelling foreground uncertainties on future CMB polarization satellite experiments
• Impact of Galactic dust non-Gaussianity on searches for B-modes from inflation
• Forecast of foreground cleaning strategies for AliCPT-1
• Galactic foreground constraints on primordial $B$-mode detection for ground-based experiments
• Distinguishing Primordial Magnetic Fields from Inflationary Tensor Perturbations in the Cosmic Microwave Background
• Mitigating point-source contamination in CMB polarization: a Generalized Point Spread Function fitting approach