Large-scale-vortex dynamos in planar rotating convection

Abstract

Several recent studies have demonstrated how large-scale vortices may arise spontaneously in rotating planar convection. Here we examine the dynamo properties of such flows in rotating Boussinesq convection. For moderate values of the magnetic Reynolds number ($100\lesssim Rm\lesssim 550$, with $Rm$ based on the box depth and the convective velocity), a large-scale (i.e. system-size) magnetic field is generated. The amplitude of the magnetic energy oscillates in time, nearly out of phase with the oscillating amplitude of the large-scale vortex. The large-scale vortex is disrupted once the magnetic field reaches a critical strength, showing that these oscillations are of magnetic origin. The dynamo mechanism relies on those components of the flow that have length scales lying between that of the large-scale vortex and the typical convective cell size; smaller-scale flows are not required. The large-scale vortex plays a crucial role in the magnetic induction despite being essentially two-dimensional; we thus refer to this dynamo as a large-scale-vortex dynamo. For larger magnetic Reynolds numbers, the dynamo is small scale, with a magnetic energy spectrum that peaks at the scale of the convective cells. In this case, the small-scale magnetic field continuously suppresses the large-scale vortex by disrupting the correlations between the convective velocities that allow it to form. The suppression of the large-scale vortex at high $Rm$ therefore probably limits the relevance of the large-scale-vortex dynamo to astrophysical objects with moderate values of $Rm$, such as planets. In this context, the ability of the large-scale-vortex dynamo to operate at low magnetic Prandtl numbers is of great interest.

28 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in J. Fluid Mech

References in corpus (14)

• Approaching the Asymptotic Regime of Rapidly Rotating Convection: Boundary Layers vs Interior Dynamics
• Effects of compressibility on driving zonal flow in gas giants
• Inverse cascade and symmetry breaking in rapidly-rotating Boussinesq convection
• Large-scale vortices in rapidly rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection
• Effect of shear and magnetic field on the heat-transfer efficiency of convection in rotating spherical shells
• Starspots due to large-scale vortices in rotating turbulent convection
• Generation of magnetic fields by large-scale vortices in rotating convection
• A theory for the emergence of coherent structures in beta-plane turbulence
• Statistical state dynamics of jet/wave coexistence in barotropic beta-plane turbulence
• Transitions in rapidly rotating convection driven dynamos
• Convection-driven kinematic dynamos at low Rossby and magnetic Prandtl numbers: single mode solutions
• The Effect of Velocity Shear on Dynamo Action Due to Rotating Convection
• Strong field dynamo action in rapidly rotating convection with no inertia
• Kinematic dynamo action in square and hexagonal patterns

Cited by in corpus (8)

• Amplification of large-scale magnetic field in nonhelical magnetohydrodynamics
• Jets and large-scale vortices in rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection
• Asymptotic behaviour of rotating convection-driven dynamos in the plane layer geometry
• Direct numerical simulations of optimal thermal convection in rotating plane layer dynamos
• Strong large scale magnetic fields in rotating convection-driven dynamos: the important role of magnetic diffusion
• Effects of kinematic and magnetic boundary conditions on the dynamics of convection-driven plane layer dynamos
• Magnetic quenching of the inverse cascade in rapidly rotating convective turbulence
• Transition to chaos and magnetic field generation in rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection