Observation of collective coupling between an engineered ensemble of macroscopic artificial atoms and a superconducting resonator

Abstract

The hybridization of distinct quantum systems is now seen as an effective way to engineer the properties of an entire system leading to applications in quantum metamaterials, quantum simulation, and quantum metrology. One well known example is superconducting circuits coupled to ensembles of microscopic natural atoms. In such cases, the properties of the individual atom are intrinsic, and so are unchangeable. However, current technology allows us to fabricate large ensembles of macroscopic artificial atoms such as superconducting flux qubits, where we can really tailor and control the properties of individual qubits. Here, we demonstrate coherent coupling between a microwave resonator and several thousand superconducting flux qubits, where we observe a large dispersive frequency shift in the spectrum of 250 MHz induced by collective behavior. These results represent the largest number of coupled superconducting qubits realized so far. Our approach shows that it is now possible to engineer the properties of the ensemble, opening up the way for the controlled exploration of the quantum many-body system.

References in corpus (19)

• Quantum Computing
• Quantum information processing with circuit quantum electrodynamics
• Strong Coupling of a Spin Ensemble to a Superconducting Resonator
• Dressed Collective Qubit States and the Tavis-Cummings Model in Circuit QED
• Phonon-induced spin-spin interactions in diamond nanostructures: application to spin squeezing
• Fast Reset and Suppressing Spontaneous Emission of a Superconducting Qubit
• Quantum computing with an electron spin ensemble
• The Physics and Applications of Superconducting Metamaterials
• Hybrid quantum device with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond coupled to carbon nanotubes
• Tuning the Gap of a Superconducting Flux Qubit
• Superconducting Metamaterials
• Protecting a Spin Ensemble against Decoherence in the Strong-Coupling Regime of Cavity QED
• Implementation of the Dicke lattice model in hybrid quantum system arrays
• Prospects for measurement-based quantum computing with solid state spins
• Microwave Down-Conversion with an Impedance-Matched $\Lambda$ System in Driven Circuit QED
• Exploring the quantum critical behaviour in a driven Tavis-Cummings circuit
• Fully-connected network of superconducting qubits in a cavity
• Demonstrating W-type Entanglement of Dicke-States in Resonant Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics
• Improving the lifetime of the NV center ensemble coupled with a superconducting flux qubit by applying magnetic fields

Cited by in corpus (49)

• Microwave photonics with superconducting quantum circuits
• Quantum information processing with superconducting circuits: a review
• Strong Coupling between Microwave Photons and Nanomagnet Magnons
• Open quantum systems with local and collective incoherent processes: Efficient numerical simulation using permutational invariance
• Ultrafast charging in a two-photon Dicke quantum battery
• Extended Dicke quantum battery with interatomic interactions and driving field
• Generation and controllable switching of superradiant and subradiant states in a 10-qubit superconducting circuit
• Superradiant phase transition in the ultrastrong coupling regime of the two-photon Dicke model
• Characteristic spectra of circuit quantum electrodynamics systems from the ultrastrong- to the deep-strong-coupling regime
• Superradiance with local phase-breaking effects
• Single-Photon-Triggered Quantum Phase Transition
• Mean-field validity in a dissipative critical system: Liouvillian gap, $\mathbb{PT}$-symmetric antigap, and permutational symmetry in the $XYZ$ model
• Topologically Protected Quantum Coherence in a Superatom
• Superradiance with an ensemble of superconducting flux qubits
• Quantum-Enhanced Heat Engine Based on Superabsorption
• Universal fluctuations and squeezing in generalized Dicke model near the superradiant phase transition
• Josephson Metamaterial with a widely tunable positive/negative Kerr constant
• Finite-size scaling analysis in the two-photon Dicke model
• Spin squeezing by one-photon-two-atom excitations processes in atomic ensembles
• Bandgap-Assisted Quantum Control of Topological Edge States in a Cavity
• Quantum coherence and speed limit in the mean-field Dicke model of superradiance
• Ground-state cooling of a nanomechanical oscillator with N spins
• Single-photon-triggered quantum chaos
• Quantum battery based on dipole-dipole interaction and external driving field
• Polariton spectrum of the Dicke-Ising model
• One-dimensional quantum computing with a 'segmented chain' is feasible with today's gate fidelities
• Single-photon-triggered spin squeezing with decoherence reduction in optomechanics via phase matching
• Mediator assisted cooling in quantum annealing
• Superradiance phase transition in the presence of parameter fluctuations
• Quantum periodicity in the critical current of superconducting rings with asymmetric link-up of current leads
• Preparing ground states of the XXZ model using the quantum annealing with inductively coupled superconducting flux qubits
• Orientational alignment in Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics
• Creating photon-number squeezed strong microwave fields by a Cooper-pair injection laser
• Universal Scaling Bounds on a Quantum Heat Current
• Quantum annealing in spin-boson model: from a perturbative to a ultrastrong mediated coupling
• Concentrated subradiant modes in one-dimensional atomic array coupled with chiral waveguides
• Projective measurement of energy on an ensemble of qubits with unknown frequencies
• Spectrum of the Dicke model in a superconducting qubit-oscillator system
• Steady-state subradiance manipulated by the two-atom decay
• Fluctuations and photon statistics in quantum metamaterial near the superradiant transition
• Dynamics of an ultra-strongly-coupled system interacting with a driven nonlinear resonator
• Dispersive regime of multiphoton qubit-oscillator interactions
• Radiation trapping effect versus superradiance in quantum simulation of light-matter interaction
• Efficient criteria of quantumness for a large system of qubits
• Relaxation of Rabi Dynamics in a Superconducting Multiple-Qubit Circuit
• Ultrastrong capacitive coupling of flux qubits
• Phonon-induced two-axis spin squeezing with decoherence reduction in hybrid spin-optomechanical system
• Two-photon exchange interaction from Dicke Hamiltonian under parametric modulation
• Spin amplification in realistic systems