Stochastic methods for light propagation and recurrent scattering in saturated and nonsaturated atomic ensembles

Abstract

We derive equations for the strongly coupled system of light and dense atomic ensembles. The formalism includes an arbitrary internal level structure for the atoms and is not restricted to weak excitation of atoms by light. In the low light intensity limit for atoms with a single electronic ground state, the full quantum field-theoretical representation of the model can be solved exactly by means of classical stochastic electrodynamics simulations for stationary atoms that represent cold atomic ensembles. Simulations for the optical response of atoms in a quantum degenerate regime require one to synthesize a stochastic ensemble of atomic positions that generates the corresponding quantum statistical position correlations between the atoms. In the case of multiple ground levels or at light intensities where saturation becomes important, the classical simulations require approximations that neglect quantum fluctuations between the levels. We show how the model is extended to incorporate corrections due to quantum fluctuations that result from virtual scattering processes. In the low light intensity limit we illustrate the simulations in a system of atoms in a Mott-insulator state in a 2D optical lattice, where recurrent scattering of light induces strong interatomic correlations. These correlations result in collective many-atom subradiant and superradiant states and a strong dependence of the response on the spatial confinement within the lattice sites.

References in corpus (14)

• Single-Atom Resolved Fluorescence Imaging of an Atomic Mott Insulator
• Single-Spin Addressing in an Atomic Mott Insulator
• Cooperative atom-light interaction in a blockaded Rydberg ensemble
• Evidence for coherent collective Rydberg excitation in the strong blockade regime
• Resonant Metalenses for Breaking the Diffraction Barrier
• Photon localization and Dicke superradiance in atomic gases
• Long-range interacting many-body systems with alkaline-earth-metal atoms
• Coherent control of nanoscale light localization in metamaterial: creating and positioning a sub-wavelength energy hot-spot
• Optical resonance shifts in the fluorescence of thermal and cold atomic gases
• Photon bubbles in ultra-cold matter
• Observation of a Cooperative Radiation Force in the Presence of Disorder
• Cooperative Emission of a Coherent Superflash of Light
• Theoretical formalism for collective electromagnetic response of discrete metamaterial systems
• Resonance linewidth and inhomogeneous broadening in a metamaterial array

Cited by in corpus (47)

• Storing light with subradiant correlations in arrays of atoms
• Cooperative eigenmodes and scattering in 1D atomic arrays
• QuantumCumulants.jl: A Julia framework for generalized mean-field equations in open quantum systems
• Many-body subradiant excitations in metamaterial arrays: Experiment and theory
• Collective resonance fluorescence in small and dense atom clouds: Comparison between theory and experiment
• A superatom picture of collective nonclassical light emission and dipole blockade in atom arrays
• Arrays of strongly-coupled atoms in a one-dimensional waveguide
• Subradiance and radiation trapping in cold atoms
• Quantum and Nonlinear Effects in Light Transmitted through Planar Atomic Arrays
• Quantum single-photon control, storage, and entanglement generation with planar atomic arrays
• Subradiance-protected excitation spreading in the generation of collimated photon emission from an atomic array
• Interaction of light with planar lattices of atoms: Reflection, transmission and cooperative magnetometry
• Exact electrodynamics versus standard optics for a slab of cold dense gas
• Phases of driven two-level systems with nonlocal dissipation
• Optical excitations of Skyrmions, knotted solitons, and defects in atoms
• Superradiance in Inverted Multi-level Atomic Clouds
• Cooperative quantum-optical planar arrays of atoms
• Optical Magnetism and Huygens' Surfaces in Arrays of Atoms Induced by Cooperative Responses
• Signatures of optical phase transitions in super- and subradiant arrays of atoms
• Far-field resonance fluorescence from a dipole-interacting laser-driven cold atomic gas
• Nanoscale continuous quantum light sources based on driven dipole emitter arrays
• Optical response of atom chains beyond the limit of low light intensity: The validity of the linear classical oscillator model
• Cooperative optical wavefront engineering with atomic arrays
• Cooperative Effects in Closely Packed Quantum Emitters with Collective Dephasing
• Bistable optical transmission through arrays of atoms in free space
• Nonlinear quantum transport of light in a cold atomic cloud
• Stochastic electrodynamics simulations for collective atom response in optical cavities
• Collective suppression of optical hyperfine pumping in dense clouds of atoms in microtraps
• Degenerate Zeeman Ground States in the Single-Excitation Regime
• Unidirectional absorption, storage, and emission of single photons in a collectively responding bilayer atomic array
• Comparison of three approaches to light scattering by dilute cold atomic ensembles
• Optical magnetism and wavefront control by arrays of strontium atoms
• Parity-time symmetry and coherent perfect absorption in a cooperative atom response
• Collective magnetic splitting in single-photon superradiance
• Radiative toroidal dipole and anapole excitations in collectively responding arrays of atoms
• Negative refraction of light in an atomic medium
• Collective dipole-dipole interactions in planar nanocavities
• Spontaneous symmetry breaking in frustrated triangular atom arrays due to cooperative light scattering
• Photon scattering from a cold, Gaussian atom cloud
• Van Hove bound states in the continuum: Localised subradiant states in finite open lattices
• Effective two-level approximation of a multi-level system driven by coherent and incoherent fields
• Cooperative optical pattern formation in an ultrathin atomic layer
• Emergence of an Epsilon-Near-Zero Medium from Microscopic Atomic Principles
• Analogue quantum simulation of superradiance and subradiance in trapped-ions
• Propagation of light in cold emitter ensembles with quantum position correlations due to static long-range dipolar interactions
• Cooperative effects in dense cold atomic gases including magnetic dipole interactions
• Resonant scattering of a single atom with gain: a wavefunction-diagrammatic approach