Phase transitions in ensembles of solitons induced by an optical pumping or a strong electric field

Abstract

The latest trend in studies of modern electronically and/or optically active materials is to provoke phase transformations induced by high electric fields or by short (femtosecond) powerful optical pulses. The systems of choice are cooperative electronic states whose broken symmetries give rise to topological defects. For typical quasi-one-dimensional architectures, those are the microscopic solitons taking from electrons the major roles as carriers of charge or spin. Because of the long-range ordering, the solitons experience unusual super-long-range forces leading to a sequence of phase transitions in their ensembles: the higher-temperature transition of the confinement and the lower one of aggregation into macroscopic walls. Here we present results of an extensive numerical modeling for ensembles of both neutral and charged solitons in both two- and three-dimensional systems. We suggest a specific Monte Carlo algorithm preserving the number of solitons, which substantially facilitates the calculations, allows to extend them to the three-dimensional case and to include the important long-range Coulomb interactions. The results confirm the first confinement transition, except for a very strong Coulomb repulsion, and demonstrate a pattern formation at the second transition of aggregation.

16 pages, 16 figures

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Cited by in corpus (4)

• Spectroscopy and Directed Transport of Topological Solitons in Crystals of Trapped Ions
• Field theoretic study of electron-electron interaction effects in Dirac liquids
• Fate of a soliton matter upon symmetry-breaking ferroelectric order
• Phase transitions and pattern formation in ensembles of phase-amplitude solitons in quasi-one-dimensional electronic systems