Sticking Transition in a Minimal Model for the Collisions of Active Particles in Quantum Fluids
arXiv:1603.05814 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.94.041602
Abstract
Particles of low velocity, travelling without dissipation in a superfluid, can interact and emit sound when they collide. We propose a minimal model in which the equations of motion of the particles, including a short-range repulsive force, are self-consistently coupled with the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We use this model to demonstrate the existence of an effective superfluid-mediated attractive interaction between the particles; and we study numerically the collisional dynamics of particles as a function of their incident kinetic energy and the length-scale of the repulsive force. We find a transition from almost elastic to completely inelastic (sticking) collisions as the parameters are tuned. We find that aggregation and clustering result from this sticking transition in multi-particle systems.
3 captioned figures, 5 videos, Supplemental Material at the end of the file and contains links to the videos
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- Classical analogies for the force acting on an impurity in a Bose-Einstein condensate
- Clustering and phase transitions in a 2D superfluid with immiscible active impurities
- Active and finite-size particles in decaying quantum turbulence at low temperature
- Quantum vortex reconnections mediated by trapped particles
- Stokes drift and impurity transport in a quantum fluid