Symmetric and asymmetric optical multi-peak solitons on a continuous wave background in the femtosecond regime

Abstract

We study symmetric and asymmetric optical multi-peak solitons on a continuous wave background in the femtosecond regime of a single-mode fiber. Key characteristics of such multi-peak solitons, as the formation mechanism, propagation stability, and shape-changing collisions, are revealed in detail. Our results show that this multi-peak (symmetric or asymmetric) mode could be regarded as a single pulse formed by a nonlinear superposition of a periodic wave and a single-peak (W-shaped or antidark) soliton. In particular, a phase diagram for different types of nonlinear excitations on a continuous wave background including breather, rogue wave, W-shaped soliton, antidark soliton, periodic wave, and multi-peak soliton is established based on the explicit link between exact nonlinear wave solution and modulation instability analysis. Numerical simulations are performed to confirm the propagation stability of the multi-peak solitons with symmetric and asymmetric structures. Further, we unveil a remarkable shape-changing feature of asymmetric multi-peak solitons. It is interesting that these shape-changing interactions occur not only in the intraspecific collision (soliton mutual collision) but also in the interspecific interaction (soliton-breather interaction). Our results demonstrate that each multi-peak soliton exhibits the coexistence of shape change and conservation of the localized energy of light pulse against the continuous wave background.

arXiv comment9 pages, 8 figures

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Cited by in corpus (9)

• Stable Soliton Excitations in Modulational Instability Regime with the Fourth-order Effects
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• Modulation instability, rogue waves and spectral analysis for the sixth-order nonlinear Schrodinger equation
• Optical rogue waves and W-shaped solitons in the multiple self-induced transparency system
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• Controllable generations of several nonlinear waves in optical fibers with third-order dispersion
• Phase Characters of Optical Dark Solitons with the Third-order Dispersion and Delayed Nonlinear Response
• Femtosecond Optical Superregular Breathers