Spectroscopic Survey of Eclipsing Binaries with a Low Cost Échelle Spectrograph -- Scientific Commissioning

Abstract

We present scientific results obtained with a recently commissioned échelle spectrograph on the 0.5-m Solaris-1 telescope in the South African Astronomical Observatory. BACHES is a low-cost slit échelle spectrograph that has a resolution of 21,000 at 5,500 Å. The described setup is fully remotely operated and partly automated. Custom hardware components have been designed to allow both spectroscopic and photometric observations. The setup is controlled via dedicated software. The throughput of the system allows us to obtain spectra with an average SNR of 22 at 6375 Å for a 30-min exposure of a $V=10$ mag target. The stability of the instrument is influenced mainly by the ambient temperature changes. We have obtained radial velocity RMS values for a bright (V = 5.9 mag) spectroscopic binary as good as 0.59 km s${}^{-1}$ and 1.34 km s${}^{-1}$ for a $V=10.2$ mag eclipsing binary. Radial velocity measurements have been combined with available photometric light curves. We present models of six eclipsing binary systems, and for previously known targets, we compare our results with those available in the literature. Masses of binary components have been determined with 3% errors for some targets. We confront our results with benchmark values based on measurements from the HARPS and UCLES spectrographs on 4-m class telescopes and find very good agreement. The described setup is very efficient and well suited for a spectroscopic survey. We can now spectroscopically characterize about 300 eclipsing binary stars per year up to 10.2 mag assuming typical weather conditions at SAAO without a single observing trip.

16 pages, 11 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in PASP

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• Project Solaris, a Global Network of Autonomous Observatories: Design, Commissioning, and First Science Results
• BRITE observations of $\nu$ Centauri and $\gamma$ Lupi, the first non-eclipsing members of the new class of nascent binaries
• Discovery of pulsating components in eclipsing binary systems through the TESS light curves: The cases of CPD-30 740, HD 97329, V1637 Ori and TYC 683-640-1
• Comprehensive study of five candidate delta Scuti-type pulsators in detached eclipsing binaries
• Variable binaries and variables in binaries in the Binary Star Database BDB
• Commissioning an Inexpensive Off-the-shelf Spectrograph for Radial-Velocity Studies