Some results associated with Bernoulli and Euler numbers with applications

Abstract

In this paper, we present series representations of the remainders in the expansions for $2/(e^t+1)$, $\mbox{sech} t$ and $\coth t$. For example, we prove that for $t>0$ and $N\in \mathbb{N}:=\{1,2,\dots \}$, \[\mbox{sech}\, t=\sum_{j=0}^{N-1}\frac{E_{2j}}{(2j)!}t^{2j}+R_N(t) \] with \[ R_N(t)=\frac{(-1)^{N}2t^{2N}}{π^{2N-1}}\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^{k}}{(k+\frac{1}{2})^{2N-1}\Big(t^2+π^2(k+\frac{1}{2})^2\Big)}, \] and \[\mbox{sech}\, t=\sum_{j=0}^{N-1}\frac{E_{2j}}{(2j)!}t^{2j}+Θ(t, N)\frac{E_{2N}}{(2N)!}t^{2N} \] with a suitable $0<\Theta (t,N)<1$. Here $E_n$ are the Euler numbers. By using the obtained results, we deduce some inequalities and completely monotonic functions associated with the ratio of gamma functions. Furthermore, we give a (presumably new) quadratic recurrence relation for the Bernoulli numbers.

15 pages, 0 figures

References in corpus (1)

• The generalized-Euler-constant function $\gamma (z)$ and a generalization of Somos's quadratic recurrence constant