Nonlinear hydrodynamic response confronts LHC data

Abstract

Higher order harmonic flow $v_n$ (with $n\ge 4$) in heavy-ion collisions can be measured either with respect to their own plane, or with respect to a plane constructed using lower-order harmonics. By assuming that higher flow harmonics are the superposition of medium nonlinear and linear responses to initial anisotropies, we propose a set of nonlinear response coefficients ${\chi }_n$'s, which are independent of initial state by construction. In experiments, ${\chi }_n$'s can be extracted as the ratio between higher order harmonic flow measured in the plane constructed by $v_2$ and $v_3$, and moments of lower order harmonic flow. Simulations with single-shot hydrodynamics and AMPT model lead to results of these nonlinear response coefficients in good agreement with the experimental data at the LHC energy. Predictions for $v_7$ and $v_8$ measured with respect to plane of lower order harmonics are given accordingly.

4 pages and 2 figures. Proceedings of Quark Matter 2015, Kobe, Japan

References in corpus (4)

• Measurement of event-plane correlations in sqrt(s_NN)=2.76 TeV lead-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector
• Momentum spectra, anisotropic flow, and ideal fluids
• $v_4$, $v_5$, $v_6$, $v_7$: nonlinear hydrodynamic response versus LHC data
• Characterizing flow fluctuations with moments

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Small System Collectivity in Relativistic Hadron and Nuclear Collisions
• A flow paradigm in heavy-ion collisions
• Mixed higher-order anisotropic flow and nonlinear response coefficients of charged particles in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 2.76 and 5.02 TeV
• Effects of initial-state dynamics on collective flow within a coupled transport and viscous hydrodynamic approach
• On statistical fluctuations in collective flows