Entanglement entropy after a partial projective measurement in $1+1$ dimensional conformal field theories: exact results

Abstract

We calculate analytically the Rényi bipartite entanglement entropy $S_{\alpha }$ of the ground state of $1+1$ dimensional conformal field theories (CFT) after performing a projective measurement in a part of the system. We show that the entanglement entropy in this setup is dependent on the central charge and the operator content of the system. When the measurement region $A$ separates the two parts $B$ and $\bar{B}$, the entanglement entropy between $B$ and $\bar{B}$ decreases like a power-law with respect to the characteristic distance between the two regions with an exponent which is dependent on the rank $\alpha$ of the Rényi entanglement entropy and the smallest scaling dimension present in the system. We check our findings by making numerical calculations on the Klein-Gordon field theory (coupled harmonic oscillators) after fixing the position (partial measurement) of some of the oscillators. We also comment on the post-measurement entanglement entropy in the massive quantum field theories.

V2: 20 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1503.07771

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