Designs for a large-aperture telescope to map the CMB 10X faster

Abstract

Current large-aperture cosmic microwave background (CMB) telescopes have nearly maximized the number of detectors that can be illuminated while maintaining diffraction-limited image quality. The polarization-sensitive detector arrays being deployed in these telescopes in the next few years will have roughly $10^4$ detectors. Increasing the mapping speed of future instruments by at least an order of magnitude is important to enable precise probes of the inflationary paradigm in the first fraction of a second after the big bang and provide strong constraints on cosmological parameters. The CMB community has begun planning a next generation "Stage IV" CMB project that will be comprised of multiple telescopes with between $10^5$ - $10^6$ detectors to pursue these goals. This paper introduces new crossed Dragone telescope and receiver optics designs that increase the usable diffraction-limited field-of-view, and therefore the mapping speed, by an order of magnitude compared to the upcoming generation of large-aperture instruments. Polarization systematics and engineering considerations are presented, including a preliminary receiver model to demonstrate that these designs will enable high efficiency illumination of $>10^5$ detectors in a next generation CMB telescope.

9 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Applied Optics

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• Advanced ACTPol Cryogenic Detector Arrays and Readout
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• The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts
• Exploring Cosmic Origins with CORE: Survey requirements and mission design
• The Simons Observatory microwave SQUID multiplexing detector module design
• Exploring Cosmic Origins with CORE: The Instrument
• The optical design of the six-meter CCAT-prime and Simons Observatory telescopes
• Optimization Study for the Experimental Configuration of CMB-S4
• Full-sky beam convolution for cosmic microwave background applications