Robust Vortex Lines, Vortex Rings and Hopfions in 3D Bose-Einstein Condensates
arXiv:1510.04344 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.92.063611
Abstract
Performing a systematic Bogoliubov-de Gennes spectral analysis, we illustrate that stationary vortex lines, vortex rings and more exotic states, such as hopfions, are robust in three-dimensional atomic Bose-Einstein condensates, for large parameter intervals. Importantly, we find that the hopfion can be stabilized in a simple parabolic trap, without the need for trap rotation or inhomogeneous interactions. We supplement our spectral analysis by studying the dynamics of such stationary states; we find them to be robust against significant perturbations of the initial state. In the unstable regimes, we not only identify the unstable mode, such as a quadrupolar or hexapolar mode, but we also observe the corresponding instability dynamics. Furthermore, deep in the Thomas-Fermi regime, we investigate the particle-like behavior of vortex rings and hopfions.
7 pages, 7 figures
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- Formation and Controlling of Optical Hopfions in High Harmonic Generation
- Three-dimensional numerical simulation of long-lived quantum vortex knots and links in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate
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- Pairwise Interactions of Ring Dark Solitons with Vortices and other Rings: Stationary States, Stability Features and Nonlinear Dynamics
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- Curved vortex surfaces in four-dimensional superfluids: I. Unequal-frequency double rotations
- Construction of Hopfion Crystals