Sudden expansion and domain-wall melting of strongly interacting bosons in two-dimensional optical lattices and on multileg ladders
arXiv:1509.00696 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.92.053629
Abstract
We numerically investigate the expansion of clouds of hard-core bosons in the two-dimensional square lattice using a matrix-product-state based method. This nonequilibrium set-up is induced by quenching the trapping potential to zero and our work is specifically motivated by a recent experiment with interacting bosons in an optical lattice [Ronzheimer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 205301 (2013)]. As the anisotropy of the amplitudes and for hopping in different spatial directions is varied from the one- to the two-dimensional case, we observe a crossover from a fast ballistic expansion in the one-dimensional limit to much slower dynamics in the isotropic two-dimensional limit . We further study the dynamics on multi-leg ladders and long cylinders. For these geometries we compare the expansion of a cloud to the melting of a domain wall, which helps us to identify several different regimes of the expansion as a function of time. By studying the dependence of expansion velocities on both the anisotropy and the number of legs, we observe that the expansion on two-leg ladders, while similar to the two-dimensional case, is slower than on wider ladders. We provide a qualitative explanation for this observation based on an analysis of the rung spectrum.
16 pages, 13 figures
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