Analysis of Quantum Network Coding for Realistic Repeater Networks

Abstract

Quantum repeater networks have attracted attention for the implementation of long-distance and large-scale sharing of quantum states. Recently, researchers extended classical network coding, which is a technique for throughput enhancement, into quantum information. The utility of quantum network coding (QNC) has been shown under ideal conditions, but it has not been studied previously under conditions of noise and shortage of quantum resources. We analyzed QNC on a butterfly network, which can create end-to-end Bell pairs at twice the rate of the standard quantum network repeater approach. The joint fidelity of creating two Bell pairs has a small penalty for QNC relative to entanglement swapping. It will thus be useful when we care more about throughput than fidelity. We found that the output fidelity drops below 0.5 when the initial Bell pairs have fidelity F < 0.90, even with perfect local gates. Local gate errors have a larger impact on quantum network coding than on entanglement swapping.

12 pages, 13 figures

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• Modeling of Measurement-based Quantum Network Coding on IBM Q Experience Devices
• Optimized Quantum Networks
• Analysis of Measurement-based Quantum Network Coding over Repeater Networks under Noisy Conditions
• Influence of noise in entanglement-based quantum networks
• Computation-aided classical-quantum multiple access to boost network communication speeds
• Rate limits in quantum networks with lossy repeaters
• Decoding Schemes for Foliated Sparse Quantum Error Correcting Codes
• Asymmetric quantum multicast network coding: asymmetric optimal cloning over quantum networks
• Multicast quantum network coding as optimal symmetric universal cloning over a quantum network