Quantitative analysis of shadow X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism Photo-Emission Electron Microscopy

Abstract

Shadow X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism Photo-Emission Electron Microscopy (XMCD-PEEM) is a recent technique, in which the photon intensity in the shadow of an object lying on a surface, may be used to gather information about the three-dimensional magnetization texture inside the object. Our purpose here is to lay the basis of a quantitative analysis of this technique. We first discuss the principle and implementation of a method to simulate the contrast expected from an arbitrary micromagnetic state. Text book examples and successful comparison with experiments are then given. Instrumental settings are finally discussed, having an impact on the contrast and spatial resolution : photon energy, microscope extraction voltage and plane of focus, microscope background level, electric-field related distortion of three-dimensional objects, Fresnel diffraction or photon scattering.

References in corpus (3)

• Angle-resolved X-ray photoemission electron microscopy
• Controlled switching of Néel caps in flux-closure magnetic dots
• Third type of domain wall in soft magnetic nanostrips

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• Bloch-point-mediated topological transformations of magnetic domain walls in cylindrical nanowires
• Imaging three-dimensional magnetic systems with X-rays
• Imaging magnetic vortex configurations in ferromagnetic nanotubes
• Observation of vortex-nucleated magnetization reversal in individual ferromagnetic nanotubes
• Flux-closure domains in high aspect ratio electroless-deposited CoNiB nanotubes
• Transmission XMCD-PEEM imaging of an engineered vertical FEBID cobalt nanowire with a domain wall
• Time-resolved imaging of Œrsted field induced magnetization dynamics in cylindrical magnetic nanowires
• Micromagnetics of magnetic chemical modulations in soft-magnetic cylindrical nanowires
• Periodic chiral magnetic domains in single-crystal nickel nanowires
• Broadband Setup for Magnetic-Field-Induced Domain Wall Motion in Cylindrical Nanowires
• Regularized Micromagnetic Theory for Bloch Points