Complex Quantum Network Manifolds in Dimension $d>2$ are Scale-Free

Abstract

In quantum gravity, several approaches have been proposed until now for the quantum description of discrete geometries. These theoretical frameworks include loop quantum gravity, causal dynamical triangulations, causal sets, quantum graphity, and energetic spin networks. Most of these approaches describe discrete spaces as homogeneous network manifolds. Here we define Complex Quantum Network Manifolds (CQNM) describing the evolution of quantum network states, and constructed from growing simplicial complexes of dimension $d$. We show that in $d=2$ CQNM are homogeneous networks while for $d>2$ they are scale-free i.e. they are characterized by large inhomogeneities of degrees like most complex networks. From the self-organized evolution of CQNM quantum statistics emerge spontaneously. Here we define the generalized degrees associated with the $\delta$-faces of the $d$-dimensional CQNMs, and we show that the statistics of these generalized degrees can either follow Fermi-Dirac, Boltzmann or Bose-Einstein distributions depending on the dimension of the $\delta$-faces.

(29 pages, 4 figures)

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• Topological Percolation on Hyperbolic Simplicial Complexes
• Network Geometry and Complexity
• Exponential Random Simplicial Complexes
• Complex network view of evolving manifolds
• Simplex2Vec embeddings for community detection in simplicial complexes
• Random Holographic "Large Worlds" with Emergent Dimensions
• Random Simplicial Complexes: Models and Phenomena
• Digital finite quantum Riemannian geometries
• Emergent classical geometries on boundaries of randomly connected tensor networks
• Spectral Graph Complexity