Hawking radiation in the presence of high-momentum dissipation

Abstract

We study the Hawking radiation in field theories which break Lorentz invariance via dissipative effects above a certain energy scale. We assume that the additional degrees of freedom which cause dissipation are Gaussian and freely falling. The asymptotic spectrum and the correlations are extracted from the anticommutator of the radiation field. The singular behavior of the Green function found for relativistic fields as one point crosses the horizon is completely suppressed by dissipation. Yet, when the dissipative frequency scale is much larger than the surface gravity of the black hole, we show that the asymptotic observables acquire their standard (relativistic) vacuum expectation values. We explicitly compute the effects of dissipation on the spectrum and on the nonseparable character of the correlations when varying the dissipative scale, the extension of the near-horizon geometry, and the temperature of the environment.

27 pages, 12 figures

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• An exact solution for the Hawking effect in a dispersive fluid
• Viscous dissipation of surface waves and its relevance to analogue gravity experiments
• Dissipation and acoustic tunnelling about the sonic horizon of Bondi accretion