Coherent driving and freezing of bosonic matter wave in an optical Lieb lattice

Abstract

While kinetic energy of a massive particle generally has quadratic dependence on its momentum, a flat, dispersionless energy band is realized in crystals with specific lattice structures. Such macroscopic degeneracy causes the emergence of localized eigenstates and has been a key concept in the context of itinerant ferromagnetism. Here we report the realization of a "Lieb lattice" configuration with an optical lattice, which has a flat energy band as the first excited state. Our optical lattice potential possesses various degrees of freedom about its manipulation, which enables coherent transfer of a Bose-Einstein condensate into the flat band. In addition to measuring lifetime of the flat band population for different tight-binding parameters, we investigate the inter-sublattice dynamics of the system by projecting the sublattice population onto the band population. This measurement clearly shows the formation of the localized state with the specific sublattice decoupled in the flat band, and even detects the presence of flat-band breaking perturbations, resulting in the delocalization. Our results will open up the possibilities of exploring physics of flat band with a highly controllable quantum system.

13 pages, 9 figures. v2: Title changed, 1 reference corrected

References in corpus (11)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Observation of a localized flat-band state in a photonic Lieb lattice
• Observation of bound states in Lieb photonic lattices
• Bosonic Condensation and Disorder-Induced Localization in a Flat Band
• Orbital superfluidity in the $P$-band of a bipartite optical square lattice
• Multi-Component Quantum Gases in Spin-Dependent Hexagonal Lattices
• Topological Phases for Fermionic Cold Atoms on the Lieb Lattice
• Bose condensation in flat bands
• State preparation and dynamics of ultracold atoms in higher lattice orbitals
• Superconducting Transitions in Flat Band Systems
• Magnetism in the three-dimensional layered Lieb lattice: Enhanced transition temperature via flat-band and Van Hove singularities

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