Ultracold Dipolar Gas of Fermionic ${}^{23}$Na${}^{40}$K Molecules in their Absolute Ground State

Abstract

We report on the creation of an ultracold dipolar gas of fermionic ${}^{23}$Na${}^{40}$K molecules in their absolute rovibrational and hyperfine ground state. Starting from weakly bound Feshbach molecules, we demonstrate hyperfine resolved two-photon transfer into the singlet ${\mathrm{X}}^1{\Sigma }^{+}|v=0,J=0⟩$ ground state, coherently bridging a binding energy difference of 0.65 eV via stimulated rapid adiabatic passage. The spin-polarized, nearly quantum degenerate molecular gas displays a lifetime longer than 2.5 s, highlighting NaK's stability against two-body chemical reactions. A homogeneous electric field is applied to induce a dipole moment of up to 0.8 Debye. With these advances, the exploration of many-body physics with strongly dipolar Fermi gases of ${}^{23}$Na${}^{40}$K molecules is in experimental reach.

5 pages, 5 figures

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• Two-photon photoassociation spectroscopy of an ultracold heteronuclear molecule
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• Supersolid phases of dipolar fermions in a two-dimensional-lattice bilayer array
• Bound states of a light atom and two heavy dipoles in two dimensions
• Ultracold collisions of molecules
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