Time-dependent simulation and analytical modelling of electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometry with edge-states wave packets

Abstract

We compute the exact single-particle time-resolved dynamics of electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometers based on Landau edge-states transport, and assess the effect of the spatial localization of carriers on the interference pattern. The exact carrier dynamics is obtained by solving numerically the time-dependent Schroedinger equation with a suitable 2D potential profile reproducing the interferometer design. An external magnetic field, driving the system to the quantum Hall regime with filling factor one, is included. The injected carriers are represented by a superposition of edge states and their interference pattern reproduces the results of Y.Ji et al.[Nature 422, 415 (2003)]. By tuning the system towards different regimes, we find two additional features in the transmission spectra, both related to carrier localization, namely a damping of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations with increasing difference in the arms length, and an increased mean transmission that we trace to the energy-dependent transmittance of quantum point contacts. Finally, we present an analytical model, also accounting for the finite spatial dispersion of the carriers, able to reproduce the above effects.

two-columns, 12 pages, 9 figures; added 10 refs.; main text modified; corrected few typos; added 3 figures of Supplementary Data

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• Dynamics and Hall-edge-state mixing of localized electrons in a two-channel Mach-Zehnder interferometer
• Two-electron selective coupling in an edge-state based conditional phase shifter
• Rotating Gaussian wave packets in weak external potentials
• Mitigating decoherence in hot electron interferometry
• Time-dependent transport in Graphene Mach-Zender Interferometers
• Asymmetric arms maximise visibility in hot-electron interferometers
• Ballistic 3-port interferometric logic gates in the quantum Hall regime