Mixed-ADC Massive MIMO

Abstract

Motivated by the demand for energy-efficient communication solutions in the next generation cellular network, a mixed-ADC architecture for massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems is proposed, which differs from previous works in that herein one-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) partially replace the conventionally assumed high-resolution ADCs. The information-theoretic tool of generalized mutual information (GMI) is exploited to analyze the achievable data rates of the proposed system architecture and an array of analytical results of engineering interest are obtained. For fixed single input multiple output (SIMO) channels, a closed-form expression of the GMI is derived, based on which the linear combiner is optimized. The analysis is then extended to ergodic fading channels, for which tight lower and upper bounds of the GMI are obtained. Impacts of dithering and imperfect channel state information (CSI) are also investigated, and it is shown that dithering can remarkably improve the system performance while imperfect CSI only introduces a marginal rate loss. Finally, the analytical framework is applied to the multi-user access scenario. Numerical results demonstrate that the mixed-ADC architecture with a relatively small number of high-resolution ADCs is able to achieve a large fraction of the channel capacity of conventional architecture, while reduce the energy consumption considerably even compared with antenna selection, for both single-user and multi-user scenarios.

double column, 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications Special Issue on Energy-Efficient Techniques for 5G Wireless Communication Systems

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• Mixed-ADC Massive MIMO Detectors: Performance Analysis and Design Optimization
• Resolution-Adaptive Hybrid MIMO Architectures for Millimeter Wave Communications
• Blind Estimation of Sparse Broadband Massive MIMO Channels with Ideal and One-bit ADCs
• Bayesian Optimal Data Detector for Hybrid mmWave MIMO-OFDM Systems with Low-Resolution ADCs
• Spectral Efficiency of Mixed-ADC Massive MIMO
• Mixed-ADC Massive MIMO Uplink in Frequency-Selective Channels
• Bayesian Optimal Data Detector for mmWave OFDM System with Low-Resolution ADC
• Achievable Uplink Rates for Massive MIMO with Coarse Quantization
• Channel Estimation and Data Detection Analysis of Massive MIMO with 1-Bit ADCs
• Optimal Per-Antenna ADC Bit Allocation in Correlated and Cell-Free Massive MIMO
• Uplink Achievable Rate in One-bit Quantized Massive MIMO with Superimposed Pilots
• Gradient Pursuit-Based Channel Estimation for MmWave Massive MIMO Systems with One-Bit ADCs