${}^4$He sample probe for combined microwave and dc transport measurements

Abstract

Combined microwave and dc electrical transport measurements at low temperatures represent a valuable experimental method in many research areas. In particular, when samples are conventional superconductors, a typical experiment requires a combination of helium temperatures, a wide range of magnetic fields, and the utilization of coaxial lines along with the usual dc wiring. We report on the general design features and the microwave performance of a custom-made low-temperature sample probe, with a measurement bandwidth tested from dc to 20 GHz. Equipped with 6 coaxial cables, a heater, Hall and temperature sensors, the probe fits into a d32 mm shaft. We present our setup, analyze its microwave performance, and describe two representative experiments enabled by this system. The proposed setup will be essential for a systematic study of the dc and ac response of the vortex dynamics in nanopatterned superconductors subject to combined dc and microwave stimuli. Besides, it will be valuable for the investigation of a broad class of nonlinear stochastic systems where a combination of dc and high-frequency ac driving in a wide temperature range is necessary.

References in corpus (8)

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• Abrikosov fluxonics in washboard nanolandscapes
• Dual cut-off dc-tunable microwave low-pass filter on superconducting Nb microstrips with asymmetric nanogrooves
• AC-driven microwave loss modulation in a fluxonic metamaterial
• Pinning effects on self-heating and flux-flow instability in superconducting films near $T_c$
• Pinning effects on flux flow instability in epitaxial Nb thin films
• Interplay of flux guiding and Hall effect in Nb films with nanogrooves
• Zero-bias Shapiro steps in asymmetric pinning nanolandscapes