Variability in Proto-Planetary Nebulae: III. Light Curve Studies of Magellanic Cloud Carbon-Rich Objects

Abstract

We have investigated the light variability in a sample of 22 carbon-rich post-AGB stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), based primarily on photometric data from the OGLE survey. All are found to vary. Dominant periods are found in eight of them; these periods range from 49 to 157 days, and most of these stars have F spectral types. These eight are found to be similar to the Milky Way Galaxy (MWG) carbon-rich proto-planetary nebulae (PPNs) in several ways: (a) they are in the same period range of ~38 to ~160 days, (b) they have similar spectral types, (c) they are (all but one) redder when fainter, (d) they have multiple periods, closely spaced in time, with a average ratio of secondary to primary period of ~1.0, and as an ensemble, (e) they show a trend of decreasing period with increasing temperature, and (f) they show a trend of decreasing amplitude with decreasing period. However, they possibly differ in that the decreasing trend of period with temperature may be slightly offset from that of the MWG. These eight are classified as PPNs. The other 14 all show evidence of variability on shorter timescales. They are likely hotter PPNs or young planetary nebulae. However, in the MWG the numbers of PPNs peak in the F-G spectral types, while it appears that in the LMC they peak at a hotter B spectral type. One of the periodic ones shows a small, R Coronae Borealis-type light curve drop.

35 pages, 17 figures. To be published in the Astrophysical Journal

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• A Survey for C II Emission-Line Stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Variability in Proto-Planetary Nebulae: VI. Multi-Telescope Light Curves Studies of Several Medium-Bright (V=13-15), Carbon-Rich Objects
• Validating post-AGB candidates in the LMC and SMC using SALT spectra
• A Survey for C II Emission-Line Stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. II. Final Results and the Origin of C II Emission in [WC] Spectra