Fourth-order split monopole perturbation solutions to the Blandford-Znajek mechanism

Abstract

The Blandford-Znajek (BZ) mechanism describes a physical process for the energy extraction from a spinning black hole (BH), which is believed to power a great variety of astrophysical sources, such as active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and Gamma ray bursts (GRBs). The only known analytic solution to the BZ mechanism is a split monopole perturbation solution up to $O(a^2)$, where $a$ is the spin parameter of a Kerr black hole. In this paper, we extend the monopole solution to higher order $\sim O(a^4)$. We carefully investigate the structure of the BH magnetosphere, including the angular velocity of magnetic field lines $\Omega$, the toroidal magnetic field $B^{\varphi }$ as well as the poloidal electric current $I$. In addition, the relevant energy extraction rate $\dot{E}$ and the stability of this high-order monopole perturbation solution are also examined.

1 fig; PRD in press

References in corpus (5)

• Stability of Relativistic Jets from Rotating, Accreting Black Holes via Fully Three-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
• Alignment of Magnetized Accretion Disks and Relativistic Jets with Spinning Black Holes
• The role of kink instability in Poynting-flux dominated jets
• Black Hole Magnetospheres
• Higher Order Terms of Kerr Parameter for Blandford-Znajek Monopole Solution

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Blandford--Znajek monopole expansion revisited: novel non-analytic contributions to the power emission
• Analytic properties of force-free jets in the Kerr spacetime -- III: uniform field solution
• Blandford-Znajek Process in Quadratic Gravity
• Toward a Full MHD Jet Model of Spinning Black Holes--II: Kinematics and Application to the M87 Jet
• Particle acceleration driven by null electromagnetic fields near a Kerr black hole