Cartan subalgebras in C*-algebras of Hausdorff etale groupoids

Abstract

The reduced $C^{\ast }$-algebra of the interior of the isotropy in any Hausdorff étale groupoid $G$ embeds as a $C^{\ast }$-subalgebra $M$ of the reduced $C^{\ast }$-algebra of $G$. We prove that the set of pure states of $M$ with unique extension is dense, and deduce that any representation of the reduced $C^{\ast }$-algebra of $G$ that is injective on $M$ is faithful. We prove that there is a conditional expectation from the reduced $C^{\ast }$-algebra of $G$ onto $M$ if and only if the interior of the isotropy in $G$ is closed. Using this, we prove that when the interior of the isotropy is abelian and closed, $M$ is a Cartan subalgebra. We prove that for a large class of groupoids $G$ with abelian isotropy---including all Deaconu--Renault groupoids associated to discrete abelian groups---$M$ is a maximal abelian subalgebra. In the specific case of $k$-graph groupoids, we deduce that $M$ is always maximal abelian, but show by example that it is not always Cartan.

14 pages. v2: Theorem 3.1 in v1 incorrect (thanks to A. Kumjain for pointing out the error); v2 shows there is a conditional expectation onto $M$ iff the interior of the isotropy is closed. v3: Material (including some theorem statements) rearranged and shortened. Lemma~3.5 of v2 removed. This version published in Integral Equations and Operator Theory

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