Spin and Chirality Effects in Antler-Topology Processes at High Energy $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ Colliders

Abstract

We perform a model-independent investigation of spin and chirality correlation effects in the antler-topology processes $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\mathcal{P}}^{+}{\mathcal{P}}^{-}\to ({\ell }^{+}{\mathcal{D}}^0)({\ell }^{-}{\bar{\mathcal{D}}}^0)$ at high energy $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders with polarized beams. Generally the production process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\mathcal{P}}^{+}{\mathcal{P}}^{-}$ can occur not only through the $s$-channel exchange of vector bosons, ${\mathcal{V}}^0$, including the neutral Standard Model (SM) gauge bosons, $\gamma$ and $Z$, but also through the $s$- and $t$-channel exchanges of new neutral states, ${\mathcal{S}}^0$ and ${\mathcal{T}}^0$, and the $u$-channel exchange of new doubly-charged states, ${\mathcal{U}}^{--}$. The general set of (non-chiral) three-point couplings of the new particles and leptons allowed in a renormalizable quantum field theory is considered. The general spin and chirality analysis is based on the threshold behavior of the excitation curves for ${\mathcal{P}}^{+}{\mathcal{P}}^{-}$ pair production in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions with longitudinal and transverse polarized beams, the angular distributions in the production process and also the production-decay angular correlations. In the first step, we present the observables in the helicity formalism. Subsequently, we show how a set of observables can be designed for determining the spins and chiral structures of the new particles without any model assumptions. Finally, taking into account a typical set of approximately chiral invariant scenarios, we demonstrate how the spin and chirality effects can be probed experimentally at a high energy $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collider.

50 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables, matches version published in EPJC

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