Local Single Ring Theorem

Abstract

The Single Ring Theorem, by Guionnet, Krishnapur and Zeitouni, describes the empirical eigenvalue distribution of a large generic matrix with prescribed singular values, i.e. an $N\times N$ matrix of the form $A=UTV$, with $U,V$ some independent Haar-distributed unitary matrices and $T$ a deterministic matrix whose singular values are the ones prescribed. In this text, we give a local version of this result, proving that it remains true at the microscopic scale $(\log N{)}^{-1/4}$. On our way to prove it, we prove a matrix subordination result for singular values of sums of non Hermitian matrices, as Kargin did for Hermitian matrices. This allows to prove a local law for the singular values of the sum of two non Hermitian matrices and a delocalization result for singular vectors.

33 pages, 2 figures. In version v2: hypothesis of the main theorem slightly weakened, proof adapted. In version v4: some of the proofs simplified, some of the appendix statements fixed, Remarks added, typos corrected