Condensation phenomena in two-flavor scalar QED at finite chemical potential

Abstract

We study condensation in two-flavored, scalar QED with non-degenerate masses at finite chemical potential. The conventional formulation of the theory has a sign problem at finite density which can be solved using an exact reformulation of the theory in terms of dual variables. We perform a Monte Carlo simulation in the dual representation and observe a condensation at a critical chemical potential ${\mu }_c$. After determining the low-energy spectrum of the theory we try to establish a connection between ${\mu }_c$ and the mass of the lightest excitation of the system, which are naively expected to be equal. It turns out, however, that the relation of the critical chemical potential to the mass spectrum in this case is non-trivial: Taking into account the form of the condensate and making some simplifying assumptions we suggest an adequate explanation which is supported by numerical results.

arXiv comment7 pages, 2 figures

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Cited by in corpus (4)

• Solving the sign problems of the massless lattice Schwinger model with a dual formulation
• Dual simulation of the 2d U(1) gauge Higgs model at topological angle $\theta =\pi$: Critical endpoint behavior
• Simulation strategies for the massless lattice Schwinger model in the dual formulation
• Dual simulation of finite density lattice QED at large mass