Invited review: Clogging of granular materials in bottlenecks
arXiv:1412.5806 · doi:10.4279/PIP.060014
Abstract
During the past decades, notable improvements have been achieved in the understanding of static and dynamic properties of granular materials, giving rise to appealing new concepts like jamming, force chains, non-local rheology or the inertial number. The `saltcellar' can be seen as a canonical example of the characteristic features displayed by granular materials: an apparently smooth flow is interrupted by the formation of a mesoscopic structure (arch) above the outlet that causes a quick dissipation of all the kinetic energy within the system. In this manuscript, I will give an overview of this field paying special attention to the features of statistical distributions appearing in the clogging and unclogging processes. These distributions are essential to understand the problem and allow subsequent study of topics such as the influence of particle shape, the structure of the clogging arches and the possible existence of a critical outlet size above which the outpouring will never stop. I shall finally offer some hints about general ideas that can be explored in the next few years.
13 pages, 7 figures
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Cited by in corpus (14)
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- Effect of interstitial fluid on the fraction of flow microstates that precede clogging in granular hoppers
- Intermittent flow and transient congestions of soft spheres passing narrow orifices
- Inside a Life-Threatening Crowd: Analysis of the Love Parade Disaster from the Perspective of Eyewitnesses
- Silo discharge of mixtures of soft and rigid grains
- Increasing granular flow rate with obstructions
- Prolonged Clogs in Bottleneck Simulations for Pedestrian Dynamics
- Friction-mediated flow and jamming in a two-dimensional silo with two exit orifices
- Flow and clogging behavior of a mixture of particles in a silo
- Flow rate from a vertical silo with a tilted orifice
- Average outpouring velocity and flow rate of grains discharged from a tilted quasi-2D silo
- Gravity-driven flux of particles through apertures
- Hopper flows of dense suspensions: a 2D microfluidic model system