Review of Physics Results from the Tevatron: Heavy Flavor Physics

Abstract

We present a review of heavy flavor physics results from the CDF and D0 Collaborations operating at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. A summary of results from Run 1 is included, but we concentrate on legacy results of charm and $b$ physics from Run 2, including results up to Summer 2014.

arXiv commentReferences added; text tweaked. Article submitted to the International Journal of Modern Physics A (IJMPA) as one of the seven chapters of the special issue on the "Review of Physics at the Tevatron", editor G. Bernardi. This article contains the chapter on the heavy flavor physics part of the review. 53 pages, 32 figures, 276 references

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• Big-Bang nucleosynthesis (Particle Data Group mini-review)
• Observation of a New Narrow Charmonium State in Exclusive B+-->K+ pi+pi- J/psi Decays
• Observation of a narrow charmonium-like state in exclusive B+ -> K+ pi+pi- J/psi decays
• Heavy quarkonium: progress, puzzles, and opportunities
• QCD factorization for B->PP and B->PV decays
• Diquark-Antidiquarks with Hidden or Open Charm and the Nature of X(3872)
• The p_T Spectrum in Heavy-Flavour Hadroproduction
• Measurement of the J/Psi Meson and b-Hadron Production Cross Sections in ppbar Collisions at sqrt s = 1960 GeV
• Observation of the Narrow State $X(3872)\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ in $\bar{p}p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96 \TeV$
• The Upgraded D0 Detector
• Observation and Properties of the X(3872) Decaying to J/psi pi+ pi- in p-p(bar) Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV
• Enhanced CP Violation with $B\to K{D}^0({\overline{D}}^0)$ Modes and Extraction of the CKM Angle gamma
• Nonperturbative Corrections to Inclusive Beauty and Charm Decays: QCD versus Phenomenological Models
• Electroweak Baryogenesis and Standard Model CP Violation
• Measurement of the Differential Branching Fraction and Forward-Backword Asymmetry for B->K(*)l+l-
• Observation of the B_c Meson in p-bar p Collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV
• Observation of Bs-Bsbar Oscillations
• Evidence for a Narrow Near-Threshold Structure in the $J/\psi \varphi$ Mass Spectrum in $B^{+}\to J/\psi \varphi K^{+}$ Decays
• New Physics and CP Violation in Singly Cabibbo Suppressed D Decays
• Improved Methods for Observing CP Violation in B+/- --> K+/- D0 and Measuring the CKM Phase gamma
• Observation of B_c Mesons in p-bar p Collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV
• Evidence for CP violation in time-integrated D0 -> h-h+ decay rates
• Analysis of the Quantum Numbers $J^{PC}$ of the X(3872) Particle
• In Pursuit of New Physics with B_s Decays
• Is the X(3872) Production Cross Section at Tevatron Compatible with a Hadron Molecule Interpretation?
• Direct Limits on the Bs Oscillation Frequency
• Measurement of J/Psi and Psi(2S) Polarization in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV
• Measurement of b hadron production fractions in 7 TeV pp collisions
• Measurement of Prompt Charm Meson Production Cross Sections in p anti-p Collisions at s**(1/2) = 1.96 TeV
• Measurement of $\boldmath {B_s^0}$ mixing parameters from the flavor-tagged decay
• First Flavor-Tagged Determination of Bounds on Mixing-Induced CP Violation in Bs -> J/psi phi Decays
• Measurement of the Bs-Bsbar Oscillation Frequency
• Evidence for an anomalous like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry
• Search for Bs --> mu+mu- and Bd --> mu+mu- Decays with 2fb-1 of ppbar Collisions
• On the Standard Model prediction for BR(B{s,d} to mu+ mu-)
• Measurement of the fragmentation fraction ratio $f_s/f_d$ and its dependence on $B$ meson kinematics
• Measurements of the Angular Distributions in the Decays B -> K(*) mu+ mu- at CDF
• Observation of a new D_sJ meson in B+->D0BD0K+ decays
• Evidence for an anomalous like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry
• Observation of a peaking structure in the J/psi phi mass spectrum from B(+/-) to J/psi phi K(+/-) decays
• First observation of CP violation in the decays of Bs mesons
• QCD analysis of first b cross section data at 1.96 TeV
• The Layer 0 Inner Silicon Detector of the D0 Experiment
• On the mechanisms of heavy-quarkonium hadroproduction
• Observation of the Baryonic Flavor-Changing Neutral Current Decay Lambda_b -> Lambda mu+ mu-
• Observation of a New D_s Meson Decaying to D K at a Mass of 2.86 GeV/c^2
• Measurement of the anomalous like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry with 9 fb^-1 of p pbar collisions
• A Measurement of $\sin 2\beta$ from $B\to J/\psi K_S^0$ with the CDF detector
• The Muon System of the Run II D0 Detector
• Measurement of the $B$ Meson Differential Cross Section, $d\sigma /d{p}_T$, in $p\bar{p}$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.8$ TeV
• The b-bbar Production Cross Section and Angular Correlations in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV
• Measurement of Branching Fractions and Polarization in B -> phi K^{(*)} Decays
• Observation of the Decay $B_c^{\pm }\to J/\psi {\pi }^{\pm }$ and Measurement of the $B_c^{\pm }$ Mass
• Measurement of the CP-violating phase ${\varphi }_s^{J/\psi \varphi }$ using the flavor-tagged decay $B_s^0\to J/\psi \varphi$ in 8 fb${}^{-1}$ of $p \barp$ collisions
• Evidence for D0-D0bar mixing using the CDF II Detector
• Production of Y(1S) Mesons from chib Decays in pp(bar) Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV
• First Observation of Heavy Baryons Σ_b and Σ_b^*
• Search for the rare decay B_s^0->mu^+mu^-
• Observation of excited Lambda_b0 baryons
• Direct observation of the strange b baryon Xi_b^{-}
• Charm Cross Sections for the Tevatron Run II
• Angular Distributions in the Decays B -> K* l+l-
• Search for the X(4140) state in B+->J/psi phi K+ decays with the D0 detector
• Precision Measurement of the X(3872) Mass in J/psi pi+ pi- Decays
• Observation of a new chi_b state in radiative transitions to Upsilon(1S) and Upsilon(2S) at ATLAS
• Measurement of the Bc meson mass in the exclusive decay Bc --> Jpsi Pi
• Cornering New Physics in b --> s Transitions
• Observation of Orbitally Excited B_s Mesons
• Observation and Mass Measurement of the Baryon ${\Xi }_b^{-}$
• Measurement of the Bottom-Strange Meson Mixing Phase in the Full CDF Data Set
• Measurement of $b$ hadron masses in exclusive $J/\psi$ decays with the CDF detector
• Measurement of the Λ_b^0, Ξ_b^- and Ω_b^- baryon masses
• Measurement of the difference of CP-violating asymmetries in D0 -> K+K- and D0 ->pi+pi- decays at CDF
• Evidence for the exclusive decay Bc+- to J/psi pi+- and measurement of the mass of the Bc meson
• Observation and studies of double J/psi production at the Tevatron
• Observation of the doubly strange b baryon Omega_b-
• Measurement of CP--violating asymmetries in D0 --> pi+ pi- and D0 --> K+K- decays at CDF
• Measurement of the $B^{+}$ Total Cross Section and $B^{+}$ Differential Cross Section $d\sigma /d{p}_T$ in $p\bar{p}$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.8$ TeV
• Search for the X(4140) state in B+ to J/psi phi K+ decays
• Search for Bs->mu+mu- and Bd->mu+mu- Decays in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
• Observation and properties of the orbitally excited B_{s2}* Meson
• Cross Section for b Jet Production in pbar-p Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV
• Measurement of the B_c Meson Lifetime Using B_c ->J/Psi e nu
• Observation of the Omega_b^- and Measurement of the Properties of the Xi_b^- and Omega_b^-
• Possible Large Direct CP Violations in Charmless B-Decays
• Study of orbitally excited $B$ mesons and evidence for a new $B\pi$ resonance
• A Search for the Flavor-Changing Neutral Current Decay B0_s -> mu^+mu^- in pp(bar) Collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV with the D0 Detector
• Measurement of branching ratio and Bs0 lifetime in the decay Bs0 -> J/psi f0(980) at CDF
• Measurement of the lifetime of the B_c meson in the semileptonic decay channel
• Observation of CP Violation in B0 -> K+pi- and B0 -> pi+pi-
• Observation of Bs->K+K- and Measurements of Branching Fractions of Charmless Two-body Decays of B0 and Bs Mesons in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
• Measurement of the polarization of the ${\rm Y}(1S)$ and ${\rm Y}(2S)$ states in $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$1.96 TeV
• Measurement of the Forward-Backward Asymmetry in the B -> K(*) mu+ mu- Decay and First Observation of the Bs -> phi mu+ mu- Decay
• Measurements of Direct CP Violating Asymmetries in Charmless Decays of Strange Bottom Mesons and Bottom Baryons
• Search for B_s --> mu+mu- and B_d --> mu+mu- Decays with CDF II
• Measurements of the properties of Lambda_c(2595), Lambda_c(2625), Sigma_c(2455), and Sigma_c(2520) baryons
• Measurement of the semileptonic charge asymmetry in B0 meson mixing with the D0 detector
• Measurement of the Lifetime Difference Between B_s Mass Eigenstates
• Lifetime Difference and CP-Violating Phase in the B_s^0 System
• Study of B0 -> pi0 pi0, B -> pi pi0, and B -> K pi0 Decays, and Isospin Analysis of B -> pipi Decays
• Interparticle correlations in the production of J/ψpairs in proton-proton collisions
• Production of psi(2S) Mesons in ppbar Collisions at 1.96 TeV
• A new approach to quarkonium polarization studies
• Observation and Properties of L=1 B_1 and B_2* Mesons
• Study of CP-violating charge asymmetries of single muons and like-sign dimuons in p pbar collisions
• Observation of New Charmless Decays of Bottom Hadrons
• Observation of a narrow mass state decaying into Upsilon(1S) + gamma in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV
• Measurement of the flavour-specific CP-violating asymmetry $a_{\mathrm{sl}}^s$ in $B_s^0$ decays
• Measurement of D0-D0bar Mixing and CP Violation in Two-Body D0 Decays
• Measurements of Direct CP-Violating Asymmetries in Charmless Decays of Bottom Baryons
• Measurement of inclusive differential cross sections for Upsilon(1S) production in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV
• The D0 Silicon Microstrip Tracker
• Measurement of Lifetime and Decay-Width Difference in B0s -> J/psi phi Decays
• Measurements of Angular Distributions of Muons From Upsilon Meson Decays in p p-bar Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
• Measurement of the CP-Violating Phase beta_s in B0s -> J/Psi Phi Decays with the CDF II Detector
• Measurement of the CP-violation parameter of B^0 mixing and decay with pp(bar) -> mu mu X data
• Evidence for a bottom baryon resonance Lambda_b* in CDF data
• Measurement of Ratios of Fragmentation Fractions for Bottom Hadrons in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV
• Transverse momentum distribution of Upsilon production in hadronic collisions
• Inelastic J/psi and Upsilon hadroproduction
• Measurement of Resonance Parameters of Orbitally Excited Narrow B^0 Mesons
• Measurement of the semileptonic charge asymmetry using Bs^0 -> D_s mu X decays
• Evidence for the charmless annihilation decay mode $B_s^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$
• Small Angle J/Psi Production in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8TeV
• Measurement of Partial Widths and Search for Direct CP Violation in $D^0$ Meson Decays to $K^{-}{K}^{+}$ and ${\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}$
• Small Angle Muon and Bottom Quark Production in pbarp Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV
• Measurement of the relative branching ratio of B^0_s to J/psi f_{0}(980) to B_{s}{0} to J/psi phi
• Search for Bs -> mu+mu- and Bd -> mu+mu- Decays in ppbar Collisions with CDF II
• Search for the Decays $B_{(s)}^0\to e^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ and $B_{(s)}^0\to e^{+}{e}^{-}$ in CDF Run II
• Polarization of Upsilon(nS) at the Tevatron
• Observation of D0-D0bar Mixing using the CDF II Detector
• First Evidence for $B_s^0\to \varphi \varphi$ Decay and Measurements of Branching Ratio and $A_{CP}$ for $B^{+}\to \varphi K^{+}$
• Measurement of b hadron lifetimes in exclusive decays containing a J/psi in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96TeV
• Mass and lifetime measurements of bottom and charm baryons in $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}= 1.96 TeV
• Search for CP violation in semileptonic Bs decays
• Measurement of Polarization and Search for CP-Violation in $B_s^0\to \varphi \varphi$ Decays
• Measurements of branching fraction ratios and CP asymmetries in B+/- ->D_CP K+/- decays in hadron collisions
• Measurement of the CP-Violation Parameter $\sin (2\beta )$ in $B_d^0/\bar{B}{}_d^0\to J/\psi K_S^0$ Decays
• Combined D0 Measurements Constraining the CP-violating Phase and Width Difference in the $B_s^0$ System
• Measurement of Bd mixing using opposite-side flavor tagging
• Ratios of bottom meson branching fractions involving J/psi mesons and determination of b quark fragmentation fractions
• Operational experience, improvements, and performance of the CDF Run II silicon vertex detector
• Search for Bs --> mu+ mu- at D0
• Observation of the Xi_b^0 Baryon
• Measurement of the masses and widths of the bottom baryons Sigma_b+- and Sigma_b*+-
• Measurement of the B0_s semileptonic branching ratio to an orbitally excited D_s** state, Br(B0_s -> Ds1(2536) mu nu)
• Measurement of the Decay Amplitudes of B0 --> J/psi K* and B0s --> J/psi phi Decays
• Measurement of the Lambda_b lifetime using semileptonic decays
• Measurement of the $B_s^0$ Lifetime Using Semileptonic Decays
• Measurement of correlated b-bbar production in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1960GeV
• Measurement of the Bs0 Meson Lifetime Using Semileptonic Decays
• Measurement of the Lambda_b Lifetime in Lambda_b -> Lambda_c+ pi- Decays in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV
• Measurement of b Quark Fragmentation Fractions in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV
• Measurement of the Lambda_b^0 lifetime in the exclusive decay Lambda_b^0 -> J/psi Lambda^0 in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
• Measurement of the Lambda_b Lifetime in Lambda_b --> J/psi Lambda0 in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
• Observation of B0_s -> J/psi K*(892)0 and B0_s -> J/psi K0_S Decays
• Understanding the like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry in $p\bar{p}$ collisions
• Measurement of the production fraction times branching fraction f(b --> Λ_b)B(Λ_b --> J/ψΛ)
• Measurement of $\sigma ({\Lambda }_b)/\sigma (B^0)\times BR({\Lambda }_b\to {\Lambda }_c{\pi }^{-})/BR(B^0\to D^{+}{\pi }^{-})$ in $p\bar{p}$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV
• Measurement of B0 - B0-bar flavor oscillations using jet-charge and lepton flavor tagging in p p-bar collisions at sqrt[s]=1.8 TeV
• Measurement of the Lambda_b lifetime in the exclusive decay Lambda_b to J/psi Lambda
• Measurement of the b-Hadron Production Cross Section Using Decays to mu^- D^0 X Final States in ppbar Collisions at sqrt s = 1.96 TeV
• Measurement of the Ratio of b Quark Production Cross Sections in Antiproton-Proton Collisions at 630 GeV and 1800 GeV
• Search for the Rare Decays B^+ -> mu^+ mu^- K^+, B^0 -> mu^+ mu^- K^*0(892), and B^0_s -> mu^+ mu^- phi at CDF
• Measurement of Semileptonic Branching Fractions of B Mesons to Narrow D** States
• Search for flavor-changing-neutral-current D meson decays
• Search for $B_s\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ and $B_d\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decays with the full CDF Run II data set
• Measurement of the $B_c^{-}$ meson lifetime in the decay $B_c^{-}\to J/\psi {\pi }^{-}$
• Measurements of branching fraction ratios and CP-asymmetries in suppressed B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)K^- and B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)pi^- decays
• Measurement of CP-violation asymmetries in D0 to Ks pi+ pi-
• Observation of B^+ -> psi(2S) K^+ and B^0 -> psi(2S) K^*(892)^0 Decays and Measurements of B-Meson Branching Fractions into J/psi and psi(2S) Final States
• Measurement of the Bs Meson Lifetime
• Measurement of mass and width of the excited charmed meson states $D_1^0$ and $D_2^{\ast 0}$
• Measurement of the Lambda^0_b lifetime in the decay Lambda^0_b -> J/psi Lambda^0 with the D0 Detector
• First observation of the decay Bs --> Ds K and measurement of the ratio of branching fractions Br(Bs --> DsK)/Br(Bs --> Ds pi)
• Experimental Review of Structures in the $J/\psi \varphi$ Mass Spectrum
• Study of direct CP violation in $B^{\pm }\to J/\psi K^{\pm }({\pi }^{\pm })$ decays
• Improved Measurement of the B- and B0-bar Meson Lifetimes Using Semileptonic Decays
• Measurement of the B0 anti-B0 oscillation frequency using l- D*+ pairs and lepton flavor tags
• Measurement of the angular and lifetime parameters of the decays $B_d^0\to J/\psi K^{\ast 0}$ and $B_s^0\to J/\psi \varphi$
• Measurement of Bs0 --> Ds(*)+ Ds(*)- Branching Ratios
• Measurement of the B^0_s lifetime in the exclusive decay channel B^0_s -> J/psi phi
• Measurements of branching fractions in B -> phi K and B -> phi pi and search for direct CP violation in B+/- -> phi K+/-
• Search for the Decay b -> X_s mu+ mu-
• Measurement of the Lifetime Difference in the B_s^0 System
• Search for the Rare Decay B0_s -> phi mu^+ mu- with the D0 Detector
• Measurement of the Bs Lifetime in Fully and Partially Reconstructed Bs -> Ds- (phi pi-)X Decays in pbar-p Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV
• Search for the rare decay Bs->mumu
• Search for charmonium and charmonium-like states in ${\rm Y}(1S)$ radiative decays
• Measurement of direct CP violation parameters in B^+/- -> J/ψK^+/- and B^+/- ->J/psi pi^+/- decays with 10.4 fb^-1 of Tevatron data
• Evidence for the decay B_s^0 --> D_s^(*)D_s^(*) and a measurement of Delta_Gamma_s^CP/Gamma_s
• Measurement of the Ratios of Branching Fractions B(Bs -> Ds pi pi pi) / B(Bd -> Dd pi pi pi) and B(Bs -> Ds pi) / B(Bd -> Dd pi)
• Observation of Bs to Psi(2S)phi and Measurement of Ratio of Branching Fractions B (Bs --> Psi(2S)phi) / B (Bs --> J/Psi phi)
• Upsilonium polarization as a touchstone in understanding the proton dynamics in QCD
• Measurement of the branching fraction Br(Bs -> Ds(*) Ds(*))
• Study of the decay $B_s^0\to J/\psi f_2^{\prime }(1525)$ in ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}{K}^{+}{K}^{-}$ final states
• Search for radiative b-hadron decays in proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV
• Measurement of the $B^{-}$ lifetime using a simulation free approach for trigger bias correction
• Updated Search for the Flavor-Changing Neutral-Current Decay D^0 \to μ + μ-
• Relative rates of B meson decays into psi(2S) and J/psi mesons
• A Study of B0 -> J/psi K(*)0 pi+ pi- Decays with the Collider Detector at Fermilab
• Measurement of the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}({\Lambda }_b^0\to {\Lambda }_c^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-})$ at CDF
• Measurement of the direct CP-violating parameter A_CP in the decay D+ -> K- pi+ pi+
• Search for narrow resonances lighter than ${\rm Y}$ mesons
• Measurement of the direct $CP$-violating charge asymmetry in $D_s^{\pm }\to \varphi {\pi }^{\pm }$ decays
• Upsilon Transverse Momentum at Hadron Colliders

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