Topological order and the vacuum of Yang-Mills theories
arXiv:1412.1762 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.91.025021
Abstract
We study, for Yang-Mills theories discretized on a lattice, a non-local topological order parameter, the center flux . We show that: i) well defined topological sectors classified by can only exist in the ordered phase of ; ii) depending on the dimension and action chosen, the center flux exhibits a critical behaviour sharing striking features with the Kosterlitz-Thouless type of transitions, although belonging to a novel universality class; iii) such critical behaviour does not depend on the temperature . Yang-Mills theories can thus exist in two different continuum phases, characterized by an either topologically ordered or disordered vacuum; this reminds of a quantum phase transition, albeit controlled by the choice of symmetries and not by a physical parameter.
arXiv comment32 pages, 15 figures. Typos corrected; to appear on PRD
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