Deterministic Fully Dynamic Data Structures for Vertex Cover and Matching

Abstract

We present the first deterministic data structures for maintaining approximate minimum vertex cover and maximum matching in a fully dynamic graph $G=(V,E)$, with $|V|=n$ and $|E|=m$, in $o(\sqrt{m})$ time per update. In particular, for minimum vertex cover we provide deterministic data structures for maintaining a $(2+\eps)$ approximation in $O(\log n/\eps^2)$ amortized time per update. For maximum matching, we show how to maintain a $(3+\eps)$ approximation in $O(\min(\sqrt{n}/ε, m^{1/3}/\eps^2))$ {\em amortized} time per update, and a $(4+\eps)$ approximation in $O(m^{1/3}/\eps^2)$ {\em worst-case} time per update. Our data structure for fully dynamic minimum vertex cover is essentially near-optimal and settles an open problem by Onak and Rubinfeld from STOC' 2010.

An extended abstract of this paper will appear in SODA' 2015