Pinning of Hidden Vortices in Bose-Einstein Condensate

Abstract

We study the vortex dynamics and vortex pinning effect in Bose-Einstein condensate in a rotating double-well trap potential and co-rotating optical lattice. We show that, in agreement with the experiment, the vortex number do not diverge when the rotational frequency $\Omega \to 1$ if the trap potential is of anisotropic double-well type. The critical rotational frequency as obtained from numerical simulations agrees very well with the value $\sqrt{l}/l$ for $l=4$ which supports the conjecture that surface modes with angular momentum $l=4$ are excited when the rotating condensate is trapped in double-well potential. The vortex lattice structure in a rotating triple-well trap potential and its pinning shows very interesting features. We show the existence and pinning of a new type of hidden vortices whose phase profile is similar to that of the visible vortices.

4 pages, 7 figures

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• Spatial separation of rotating binary Bose-Einstein condensate by tuning the dipolar interactions
• Topological defects of spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a rotating anharmonic trap
• Ground-state properties of spin-orbit-coupled dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with in-plane gradient magnetic field
• Vortex nucleation in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates with density-dependent gauge potential
• Ground states of dipolar spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a toroidal trap