Photophoretic Strength on Chondrules. 2. Experiment

Abstract

Photophoretic motion can transport illuminated particles in protoplanetary disks. In a previous paper we focused on the modeling of steady state photophoretic forces based on the compositions derived from tomography and heat transfer. Here, we present microgravity experiments which deviate significantly from the steady state calculations of the first paper. The experiments on average show a significantly smaller force than predicted with a large variation in absolute photophoretic force and in the direction of motion with respect to the illumination. Time-dependent modeling of photophoretic forces for heat-up and rotation show that the variations in strength and direction observed can be well explained by the particle reorientation in the limited experiment time of a drop tower experiment. In protoplanetary disks, random rotation subsides due to gas friction on short timescales and the results of our earlier paper hold. Rotation has a significant influence in short duration laboratory studies. Observing particle motion and rotation under the influence of photophoresis can be considered as a basic laboratory analog experiment to Yarkovsky and YORP effects.

References in corpus (6)

• The photophoretic sweeping of dust in transient protoplanetary disks
• Experiments on the Photophoretic Motion of Chondrules and Dust Aggregates - Indications for the Transport of Matter in Protoplanetary Disks
• Effects of photophoresis on the evolution of transitional circumstellar disks
• Light-induced disassembly of dusty bodies in inner protoplanetary discs: implications for the formation of planets
• Photophoretic Structuring of Circumstellar Dust Disks
• Photophoretic Strength on Chondrules 1: Modeling

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Understanding planet formation using microgravity experiments
• Photophoresis on particles hotter/colder than the ambient gas in the free molecular flow
• Photophoresis on particles hotter/colder than the ambient gas for the entire range of pressures
• Selective Aggregation Experiments on Planetesimal Formation and Mercury-Like Planets
• The motion of chondrules and other particles in a protoplanetary disc with temperature fluctuations
• Self-Sustained Recycling in the Inner Dust Ring of Pre-Transitional Disks