Long-term evolution of dim isolated neutron stars

Abstract

The dim isolated neutron stars (XDINs) have periods in the same range as the anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) and the soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs). We apply the fallback disk model, which explains the period clustering and other properties of AXP/SGRs, to the six XDINs with measured periods and period derivatives. Present properties of XDINs are obtained in evolutionary scenarios with surface dipole magnetic fields $B_0\sim 10^{12}$ G. The XDINs have gone through an accretion epoch with rapid spin-down earlier, and have emerged in their current state, with the X-ray luminosity provided by neutron star cooling and no longer by accretion. Our results indicate that the known XDINs are not likely to be active radio pulsars, as the low $B_0$, together with their long periods place these sources clearly below the "death valley".

8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS

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• On the evolution of high-B radio pulsars with measured braking indices
• Optical excess of dim isolated neutron stars
• Rotational and X-ray luminosity evolution of high-B radio pulsars
• Long-term evolution, X-ray outburst and optical/infrared emission of SGR 0501+4516
• On the long-term evolution of rotating radio transients
• Is PSR J0726-2612 a dim isolated neutron star progenitor?