Intrinsic rotation in tokamaks: theory

Abstract

Self-consistent equations for intrinsic rotation in tokamaks with small poloidal magnetic field $B_p$ compared to the total magnetic field $B$ are derived. The model gives the momentum redistribution due to turbulence, collisional transport and energy injection. Intrinsic rotation is determined by the balance between the momentum redistribution and the turbulent diffusion and convection. Two different turbulence regimes are considered: turbulence with characteristic perpendicular lengths of the order of the ion gyroradius, ${\rho }_i$, and turbulence with characteristic lengths of the order of the poloidal gyroradius, $(B/B_p){\rho }_i$. Intrinsic rotation driven by gyroradius scale turbulence is mainly due to the effect of neoclassical corrections and of finite orbit widths on turbulent momentum transport, whereas for the intrinsic rotation driven by poloidal gyroradius scale turbulence, the slow variation of turbulence characteristics in the radial and poloidal directions and the turbulent particle acceleration can be become as important as the neoclassical and finite orbit width effects. The magnetic drift is shown to be indispensable for the intrinsic rotation driven by the slow variation of turbulence characteristics and the turbulent particle acceleration. The equations are written in a form conducive to implementation in a flux tube code, and the effect of the radial variation of the turbulence is included in a novel way that does not require a global gyrokinetic formalism.

arXiv comment88 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (16)

• Critically balanced ion temperature gradient turbulence in fusion plasmas
• Turbulent transport in tokamak plasmas with rotational shear
• A guiding-center Fokker-Planck collision operator for nonuniform magnetic fields
• Up-down symmetry of the turbulent transport of toroidal angular momentum in tokamaks
• Interplanetary and interstellar plasma turbulence
• Transport Bifurcation in a Rotating Tokamak Plasma
• Phase-space Lagrangian derivation of electrostatic gyrokinetics in general geometry
• Intrinsic rotation driven by non-Maxwellian equilibria in tokamak plasmas
• Scaling of spontaneous rotation with temperature and plasma current in tokamaks
• Momentum injection in tokamak plasmas and transitions to reduced transport
• Intrinsic momentum transport in up-down asymmetric tokamaks
• Sources of intrinsic rotation in the low flow ordering
• Toroidal momentum transport in a tokamak caused by symmetry breaking parallel derivatives
• Long-wavelength limit of gyrokinetics in a turbulent tokamak and its intrinsic ambipolarity
• Intrinsic rotation with gyrokinetic models
• Turbulent transport and heating of trace heavy ions in hot, magnetized plasmas

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Eliminating turbulent self-interaction through the parallel boundary condition in local gyrokinetic simulations
• A novel approach to radially global gyrokinetic simulation using the flux-tube code $\text{stella}$
• Effects of collisional ion orbit loss on tokamak radial electric field and toroidal rotation in an L-mode plasma
• Intrinsic toroidal rotation driven by turbulent and neoclassical processes in tokamak plasmas from global gyrokinetic simulations