The Violation of the Taylor Hypothesis in Measurements of Solar Wind Turbulence

Abstract

Motivated by the upcoming Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe Plus missions, qualitative and quantitative predictions are made for the effects of the violation of the Taylor hypothesis on the magnetic energy frequency spectrum measured in the near-Sun environment. The synthetic spacecraft data method is used to predict observational signatures of the violation for critically balanced Alfvénic turbulence or parallel fast/whistler turbulence. The violation of the Taylor hypothesis can occur in the slow flow regime, leading to a shift of the entire spectrum to higher frequencies, or in the dispersive regime, in which the dissipation range spectrum flattens at high frequencies. It is found that Alfvénic turbulence will not significantly violate the Taylor hypothesis, but whistler turbulence will. The flattening of the frequency spectrum is therefore a key observational signature for fast/whistler turbulence.

10 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to ApJL

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• The Electromagnetic Signature of Outward Propagating Ion-Scale Waves
• Evolution of the Earth's Magnetosheath Turbulence: A statistical study based on MMS observations
• A Modified Version of Taylor's Hypothesis for Solar Probe Plus Observations
• The radial variation of the solar wind turbulence spectra near the kinetic break scale from Parker Solar Probe measurements
• On the interpretation of Parker Solar Probe Turbulent Signals
• The Impact of Turbulent Solar Wind Fluctuations on Solar Orbiter Plasma Proton Measurements
• Anisotropy of Magnetic Field Spectra at Kinetic Scales of Solar Wind Turbulence as Revealed by Parker Solar Probe in the Inner Heliosphere
• Interpreting solar wind turbulent spectra beyond Taylor's Hypothesis
• Dependence of Solar Wind Proton Temperature on the Polarisation Properties of Alfvénic Fluctuations at Ion-kinetic Scales
• Taylor's Frozen-in Hypothesis for Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and Solar Wind
• De-Biasing Structure Function Estimates From Sparse Time Series of the Solar Wind: A Data-Driven Approach