Thermoplastic waves in magnetars

Abstract

Magnetar activity is generated by shear motions of the neutron star surface, which relieve internal magnetic stresses. An analogy with earthquakes and faults is problematic, as the crust is permeated by strong magnetic fields, which greatly constrain crustal displacements. We describe a new deformation mechanism that is specific to strongly magnetized neutron stars. The magnetically stressed crust begins to move because of a thermoplastic instability, which launches a wave that shears the crust and burns its magnetic energy. The propagating wave front resembles the deflagration front in combustion physics. We describe the conditions for the instability, the front structure and velocity, and discuss implications for observed magnetar activity.

5 pages, accepted to ApJL

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• Magnetic Field Evolution of Neutron Stars I: Basic formalism, numerical techniques, and first results
• Global Crustal Dynamics of Magnetars in Relation to their Bright X-ray Outbursts
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• The long-term enhanced brightness of the magnetar 1E 1547.0-5408
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• FRB 121102: a star quake-induced repeater?