Optimal Quantum-Enhanced Interferometry
arXiv:1406.3274 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.90.025802
Abstract
We analyze the ultimate bounds on the phase sensitivity of an interferometer, given the constraint that the state input to the interferometer's initial 50:50 beamsplitter is a product state of the two input modes. Requiring a product state is a natural restriction: if one were allowed to input an arbitrary, entangled two-mode state to the beamsplitter, one could generally just as easily input the state directly into the two modes after the beamsplitter, thus rendering the beamsplitter unnecessary. We find optimal states for a fixed photon number and for a fixed mean photon number.
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