Optomechanical Rydberg-atom excitation via dynamic Casimir-Polder coupling

Mauro Antezza; Caterina Braggio; Giovanni Carugno; Antonio Noto; Roberto Passante; Lucia Rizzuto; Giuseppe Ruoso; Salvatore Spagnolo

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.023601

paper

Optomechanical Rydberg-atom excitation via dynamic Casimir-Polder coupling

arXiv:1406.1132 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.023601

Abstract

We study the optomechanical coupling of a oscillating effective mirror with a Rydberg atomic gas, mediated by the dynamical atom-mirror Casimir-Polder force. This coupling may produce a near-field resonant atomic excitation whose probability scales as $\propto (d^{2} a n^{4} t)^{2} / z_{0}^{8}$ , where $z_{0}$ is the average atom-surface distance, $d$ the atomic dipole moment, $a$ the mirror's effective oscillation amplitude, $n$ the initial principal quantum number, and $t$ the time. We propose an experimental configuration to realize this system with a cold atom gas trapped at a distance $\sim 2 \cdot 10 μ$ m from a semiconductor substrate, whose dielectric constant is periodically driven by an external laser pulse, hence realizing en effective mechanical mirror motion due to the periodic change of the substrate from transparent to reflecting. For a parabolic gas shape, this effect is predicted to excite about $\sim 1 0^{2}$ atoms of a dilute gas of $1 0^{3}$ trapped Rydberg atoms with $n = 75$ after about $0.5 \,μ\mbox{s}$, hence high enough to be detected in typical Rydberg gas experimental conditions.

6 pages, 1 figure

Optomechanical Rydberg-atom excitation via dynamic Casimir-Polder coupling

Abstract

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