BiSON data preparation: A correction for differential extinction and the weighted averaging of contemporaneous data

Abstract

The Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network (BiSON) has provided high-quality high-cadence observations from as far back in time as 1978. These data must be calibrated from the raw observations into radial velocity and the quality of the calibration has a large impact on the signal-to-noise ratio of the final time series. The aim of this work is to maximise the potential science that can be performed with the BiSON data set by optimising the calibration procedure. To achieve better levels of signal-to-noise ratio we perform two key steps in the calibration process: we attempt a correction for terrestrial atmospheric differential extinction; and the resulting improvement in the calibration allows us to perform weighted averaging of contemporaneous data from different BiSON stations. The improvements listed produce significant improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio of the BiSON frequency-power spectrum across all frequency ranges. The reduction of noise in the power spectrum will allow future work to provide greater constraint on changes in the oscillation spectrum with solar activity. In addition, the analysis of the low-frequency region suggests we have achieved a noise level that may allow us to improve estimates of the upper limit of g-mode amplitudes.

Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 10 pages, 7 figures

References in corpus (5)

• Fresh insights on the structure of the solar core
• The quest for the solar g modes
• Light WIMPs in the Sun: Constraints from Helioseismology
• Probing the Existence of a Dark Matter Isothermal Core Using Gravity Modes
• New aspects of Doppler imaging in Sun-as-a-star observations

Cited by in corpus (28)

• Three years of Sun-as-a-star radial-velocity observations on the approach to solar minimum
• Performance of the Birmingham Solar-Oscillations Network (BiSON)
• Stellar magnetic activity and variability of oscillation parameters - An investigation of 24 solar-like stars observed by Kepler
• MESA meets MURaM: Surface effects in main-sequence solar-like oscillators computed using three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations
• Comb-calibrated solar spectroscopy through a multiplexed single-mode fiber channel
• A Comparison Between Global Proxies of the Sun's Magnetic Activity Cycle: Inferences from Helioseismology
• Activity time series of old stars from late F to early K. I. Simulating radial velocity, astrometry, photometry, and chromospheric emission
• Validation of solar-cycle changes in low-degree helioseismic parameters from the Birmingham Solar-Oscillations Network
• Automated asteroseismic peak detections
• The effects of granulation and supergranulation on Earth-mass planet detectability in the habitable zone around F6-K4 stars
• Theoretical oscillation frequencies for solar-type dwarfs from stellar models with $⟨3\mathrm{D}⟩$-atmospheres
• The Sun in transition? Persistence of near-surface structural changes through Cycle 24
• Parametrizing the time-variation of the "surface term" of stellar p-mode frequencies: application to helioseismic data
• Mending the structural surface effect of 1D stellar structure models with non-solar metallicities based on interpolated 3D envelopes
• A Critical Evaluation of Recent Claims Concerning Solar Rotation
• BESTP -- An Automated Bayesian Modeling Tool for Asteroseismology
• Imprint of the magnetic activity cycle on solar asteroseismic characterisation based on 26 years of GOLF and BiSON data
• Seismic differences between solar magnetic cycles 23 and 24 for low-degree modes
• No swan song for Sun-as-a-star helioseismology: performances of the Solar-SONG prototype for individual mode characterisation
• The next generation Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network (BiSON) spectrophotometer: a new miniaturised instrument for helioseismology
• Surface effects in solar-like oscillators
• Spatial incoherence of solar granulation: a global analysis using BiSON 2B data
• Unexpected solar-cycle variation of acoustic mode power in Sun-as-a-star observations
• Atmospheric extinction coefficients in the ${\mathrm{I}}_{\mathrm{c}}$ band for several major international observatories: Results from the BiSON telescopes, 1984 to 2016
• A next generation upgraded observing platform for the automated Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network (BiSON)
• Un-interrupted Sun-as-a-star Helioseismic Observations over Multiple Solar Cycles
• Lifetimes and Rotation within the Solar Mean Magnetic Field
• Sub-surface structural changes associated with successive 11-yr solar activity cycles have been progressively more confined near the surface: new helioseismic results on Cycles 22 -- 25 from BiSON