What is- and what is not- Electromagnetically-Induced-Transparency in Whispering-Gallery-Microcavities

Abstract

Electromagnetically-induced-transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) are two prominent examples of coherent interactions between optical fields and multilevel atoms. They have been observed in various physical systems involving atoms, molecules, meta-structures and plasmons. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the implementations of all-optical analogues of EIT and ATS via the interacting resonant modes of one or more optical microcavities. Despite the differences in their underlying physics, both EIT and ATS are quantified by the appearance of a transparency window in the absorption or transmission spectrum, which often leads to a confusion about its origin. While in EIT the transparency window is a result of Fano interference among different transition pathways, in ATS it is the result of strong field-driven interactions leading to the splitting of energy levels. Being able to tell objectively whether a transparency window observed in the spectrum is due to EIT or ATS is crucial for clarifying the physics involved and for practical applications. Here we report a systematic study of the pathways leading to EIT, Fano, and ATS, in systems of two coupled whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microtoroidal resonators. Moreover, we report for the first time the application of the Akaike Information Criterion discerning between all-optical analogues of EIT and ATS, and clarifying the transition between them.

32 pages (24 pages Main text + 8 pages Appendix), 12 figures (6 in Main text + 6 in Appendix), 44 references

References in corpus (5)

• Optomechanically induced transparency
• Detecting single viruses and nanoparticles using whispering gallery microlasers
• Electromagnetically induced transparency with single atoms in a cavity
• Experimental Investigation of the Transition between Autler-Townes Splitting and Electromagnetically-Induced Transparency
• Demonstration of mode splitting in an optical microcavity in aqueous environment

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• Fano-like spectral features in nanodiamond solutions for biometric applications
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• Frequency-tuning induced state transfer in optical microcavities
• Tunable Bistability in Hybrid Bose-Einstein Condensate Optomechanics