Creating One-dimensional Nanoscale Periodic Ripples in a Continuous Mosaic Graphene Monolayer

Abstract

In previous studies, it proved difficult to realize periodic graphene ripples with wavelengths of few nanometers. Here we show that one-dimensional periodic graphene ripples with wavelengths from 2 nm to tens of nanometers can be implemented in the intrinsic areas of a continuous mosaic, locally N-doped, graphene monolayer by simultaneously using both the thermal strain engineering and the anisotropic surface stress of Cu substrate. Our result indicates that the constraint imposed at the boundaries between the intrinsic and the N-doped regions play a vital role in creating these 1D ripples. We also demonstrate that the observed rippling modes are beyond the descriptions of continuum mechanics due to the decoupling of graphene bending and tensional deformations. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements indicate that the nanorippling generates a periodic electronic superlattice and opens a zero-energy gap of about 130 meV in graphene. This result may pave a facile way for tailoring the structures and electronic properties of graphene.

4 Figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett

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• Effect of one-dimensional superlattice potentials on the band gap of two-dimensional materials
• Apparent rippling with honeycomb symmetry and tunable periodicity observed by scanning tunneling microscopy on suspended graphene
• Corrugation induced stacking solitons with topologically confined states in gapped bilayer graphene
• Diversified essential properties in halogenated graphenes
• Robust two-dimensional ice on graphene built from finite-length water molecular chains
• Fluorination-Enriched Electronic and Magnetic Properties in Graphene Nanoribbons
• Signature of curved QFT effects on the optical properties of deformed graphene: Curved QFT effects on the optical properties of deformed graphene
• Magnetic-field-assisted electron confinement and valley splitting in strained graphene